Adjectives and adverbs

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 3-5

Adjectives and Adverbs

adjective - bijvoeglijk naamwoord

Een bijvoeglijk naamwoord zegt iets over een zelfstandig naamwoord:

That beautiful house is for sale.

This stunning piece of art is painted by my sister.

adjectives met getallen

That 7-year-old girl over there is my niece.

It's only a 30-minute walk to the montains.

In the summer we have a six-week holiday.

adverbs - bijwoorden

Bijwoorden zeggen iets over:

een werkwoord: She sings beautifully.

een bijvoeglijk naamwoord: That indredibly beautiful painting.

een ander bijwoord: She drives extremely carefully.

een zin: Unfortunately, he was already gone.

adverbs - bijwoorden

Je vormt een bijwoord door -ly achter het bijvoeglijk naamwoord te zetten:

beautiful - beautifully

careful - carefully

extreme - extremely

let op:

easy - easily

crazy - crazily

ordinary - ordinarily

en:

probable - probably

amiable - amiably

Confusing adjectives:

woorden zoals: friendly, lovely, unlikely, silly zijn bijvoeglijk naamwoorden ondanks hun vorm. Als ze als bijwoord gebruikt worden is er een formulering met 'way of manner' nodig.

That's a silly hat.

She behaved in a silly manner.

She is a friendly person.

She spoke in a friendly way.

difficult & impossible

Voor difficult en impossible bestaan geen bijwoorden. Dat moet op een andere manier geformuleerd worden.

Bijvoorbeeld:

She wrote her essay with great difficulty.

He can't possibly be gone.

bijwoord

He calls her daily.

She always gets up early.

I can jump really high.

The plane flew low.

She can run far.

He can run fast.

You spelled that word wrong.

She behaves strange.

bijv naamwoord

This is a daily newspaper.

Let's take the early train.

That ceiling is high.

This is a low ceiling.

The far end of the hallway.

This is a fast car.

That's the wrong word.

That's a strange girl.

verschillen in betekenis

I like short stories. (ik hou van korte verhalen.)

I will see you there shortly. (Ik zie je daar binnenkort.)

That book was hard to read. (Dat boek was moeilijk te lezen).

I could hardly read that book. (Ik kon dat boek nauwelijks lezen).

Confusing adjectives & adverbs

Watch out: friendly, silly, lovely, unlikely are adjectives, not adverbs!

If you want to use them as adverbs, you need to use 'way' or 'manner'

• He spoke in a very friendly way

• They acted in a silly manner

Confusing adjectives & adverbs

Difficult and impossible don't have adverbs, so you need to rephrase

That boy speaks with great difficulty
I can’t possibly visit you next week

Confusing adjectives & adverbs

Words can be both adverbs and adjectives
This counts for words ending in –ly: daily, weekly, monthly, yearly, early

• It’s a daily paper            It comes out daily

• We took an early bus        We got up early

It also counts for: high, low, far, fast, wrong, strange

Confusing adjectives & adverbs

Adjectives and their adverbs can have different meanings

Short – shortly
Hard – hardly
High – highly
Late – lately

Confusing adjectives & adverbs

Na werkwoorden die een zintuiglijke waarneming uitdrukken, zoals taste, look, feel, smell, sound komt er een adjective, geen adverb

Your chocolates tasted very good
She looked bad

Let's practice!

Fill in the correct form of the word in brackets

John held the plate _________________.

1. careful
2. carefully

Julia is a _________________ person.

1. careful
2. carefully

I ran _________________ to the station.

1. quick
2. quickly

The journey was _________________.

1. quick
2. quickly

You look _________________. Didn’t you sleep well?

1. tired
2. tiredly

The baby rubbed her eyes _________________.

1. tired
2. tiredly

She sang _________________.

1. happy
2. happily

You sound _________________.

1. happy
2. happily

I speak English _________________.

1. good
2. well

Her English is _________________.

1. good
2. well

She cooks _________________.

1. terrible
2. terribly

He is a _________________ cook.

1. terrible
2. terribly

The music was _________________.

1. beautiful
2. beautifully

She plays the piano _________________.

1. beautiful
2. beautifully

_________, I have never been to a music festival before. (unfortunate)

So I felt _______ _________ when I finally went to one. (extreme/ nervous)

I had already started to pack my belongings a few days before, but I soon realised that I would have to leave a lot of things behind that I had ____________ planned to take with me. (original)

When my boyfriend came to pick me up , I had an _______ huge rucksack and I was _______ ______when he laughed at me _______. (impressive/ real/angry/loud)

When we finally arrived at the festival I was _______ surprised by the masses of people there. (total)

I saw hundreds of tents ______ packed together on _______ grass. I was shocked. (close/ mud)

I knew at once that I would never be able to spend a few days at that muddy place. I shouted at my boyfriend ________ , but, once more, he ______ laughed. (hysterical/ simple)

He showed me two tickets which he slowly took out of his pocket : "These are VIP tickets ! We are not going to spend our nights here!" he said ____________. (triumphant)