2F | 04/03/2022

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 2

PLANNING

1. Lesson aims
2.  Check in!
3. Grammar
4. Game!

LESSON AIMS

By the end of this lesson you will know: 

the difference between the past simple and the present perfect.

How have you been?
Personally/at school

Past Simple: uses

We use the PAST SIMPLE for actions that started and finished in the past. 

Signal words are: yesterday, last week, last year, in 1994, five hours ago, etc.

• I saw a movie yesterday.
  
• I didn't see a play yesterday.
  
• Last year, I traveled to Japan.
  
• Last year, I didn't travel to Korea.
  
• Did you have dinner last night?
  
• She washed her car.
  

He didn't wash his car.

TO BE = ZIJN

I was                     wasn't                      was I?

You were             weren't                    Were you?

He/she/it was

We were

they were

Past Simple: Positives

+ We just need our main verb, in its past tense. We add -ed behind regular verbs, and the irregular verbs you need to know by heart.

I                                    ate       slept       drank       wrote       relaxed

YOU                            ate        slept       drank       wrote       relaxed

SHE/HE/IT               ate        slept       drank       wrote       relaxed

WE                              ate        slept       drank       wrote       relaxed

THEY                          ate        slept       drank       wrote       relaxed

Past Simple: Negatives

- We need our AUXILIARY DID, and the word NOT to make it negative, and then we need our main verb that we don't do anything to. 

I                            didn't         eat sleep drink write relax

YOU                    didn't         eat sleep drink write relax

SHE/HE/IT       didn't         eat sleep drink write relax

WE                      didn't         eat sleep drink write relax

THEY                  didn't         eat sleep drink write relax

Past Simple: Questions

? We need our auxiliary DID and the main verb that we don't do anything to. 

DID                      I                 eat sleep drink write relax ?

DID                    YOU           eat sleep drink write relax ?

DID                    SHIT          eat sleep drink write relax ?

DID                     WE             eat sleep drink write relax ?

DID                     THEY        eat sleep drink write relax ?

Present Perfect: Affirmative

+ AUXILIARY HAVE/HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE of the main verb

I                             HAVE       slept         drunk      written       relaxed

YOU                     HAVE        slept        drunk       written      relaxed

HE/SHE/IT        HAS          slept        drunk       written      relaxed

WE                       HAVE        slept        drunk      written       relaxed

THEY                   HAVE       slept        drunk       written       relaxed

Present Perfect: Negative

- subject + AUXILIARY HAVE/HAS + NOT + PAST PARTICIPLE of the main verb

I                             HAVEN'T       slept         drunk      written       relaxed

YOU                     HAVEN'T        slept        drunk       written      relaxed

HE/SHE/IT        HASN'T           slept        drunk       written      relaxed

WE                       HAVEN'T         slept        drunk      written       relaxed

THEY                   HAVEN'T        slept        drunk       written       relaxed

Present Perfect: Questions

? AUXILIARY HAVE/HAS + subject + PAST PARTICIPLE of the main verb

HAVEN'T          I                        slept         drunk      written       relaxed?

HAVEN'T         YOU                  slept        drunk       written      relaxed?

HASN'T           HE/SHE/IT      slept        drunk       written      relaxed?

HAVEN'T         WE                     slept        drunk      written       relaxed?

HAVEN'T          THEY               slept        drunk       written       relaxed?

Present Perfect

1. Actions which happened in the past,
but have an effect in the present.

The squirrel has eaten a lego block. 

Present Perfect

2. Actions which started in the past
and are still continuing.
 In this case, the words for (with a length or period of time)
and since (with a specific starting time).

I HAVE HAD this mobile phone since I was 15 years old.

I HAVE HAD this mobile phone for 10 years. 

Present Perfect

3. Actions (single action or repeated actions) which happened at some unknown time in the past.
 We can say something happened (or didn't happen), but it's not important (or not known) when it happened. In this case, we often use the words already, (not) yet, ever or never along with the present perfect.

I've already seen that film. I don't want to see it again. (It doesn't matter when I saw it.)

    Have you ever been to Germany? (It doesn't matter when you went — I just want to know whether you have been there or not.)

     They have eaten at that restaurant many times. (Repeated past actions; when they ate there isn't important)

Present Perfect

4. Experiences up until now
 We use the present perfect to talk about experiences we've had up until now. 

I've been to Spain four times. 
I've been to London a couple of times. 

BUT  
I went to Spain during the summer of 2005.
I went to London last weekend. 

   

Methode 1 - Stel de volgende vragen:

Ask yourself the following questions:

Question 1: Is it still going on?

Question 2: Is it about experiences
                       up until now? 

 Question 3: Can we notice the result

                        of the action NOW?  

Yes?             No?

Present Perfect

Present Perfect

Present Perfect

Next...

Next...

Past Simple

www.perfect-english-grammar.com