4CAE Unit 7

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 4

Unit 7: Leisure and entertainment

Listening TB. p. 74 +75

Vocabulary: complex prepositions TB. p. 75

R+UoE Part 7 TB. p. 76+77

Grammar: Linking idead: relative and  participle clauses 

R+UoE part 1: TB. p. 79

Vocabulary money expressions TB. p. 80 + WB. p. 35

Speaking Part 4: TB. p. 81

Writing: informal letter

23 May

Listening TB. p. 74 +75

Vocabulary: complex prepositions TB. p. 75

R+UoE Part 7 TB. p. 76+77

Grammar: ways of linking ideas WB. p 34+35

Complex prepositions

A complex preposition is a word group (such as "along with" or "on account of") that functions like an ordinary one-word preposition. 

Complex prepositions can be divided into two groups: two-word units (a word + a simple preposition), such as apart from (also known as compound prepositions).

Complex prepositions

Here is an example of the correct use of the complex preposition.

"The man sent a greeting card with his apologies in lieu of his presence at the party."

The complex preposition in this sentence would be "in lieu of"; it is a phrase that explains the relationship between the card and the presence. 

incorrect use

The woman wrote a letter to the man their love affair, apropos of."

How to use it?

1. A complex preposition is really just like a simple preposition, except that it consists of a phrase rather than a single word. 

2.  In order to figure which complex preposition you need, remember that the preposition always expresses a relation between one thing and another thing. So, focus on those things, and then figure out how they are related. 

" ___the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1942, half of the 48 states had laws making it illegal to employ a married woman."

1. Up until
2. apart from
3. outside of
4. thanks to

We were trailing the entire game but won ______a mistake made by the other team in the final five seconds of the game.

1. away from
2. by virtue of
3. far from
4. in light of

The law firm filed a suit _____ the three people injured by the company truck.

1. on behalf of
2. next to
3. as well as
4. along with

Grammar Linking Ideas:

Relative and participle clauses

Relative and Participle clauses

You can:

- recognize a participle clause

- make a participle clause

Relative clauses

There are three pictures that/which are hanging on the wall

Anyone who is caught shoplifting will be prosecuted

I have brought you a jar of plum jam which was made by my mother

How many actions are there in each sentence?

Did they happen at the same time or one after the other? 

• While I was waiting for the bus, I read about the demonstration in the newspaper.
• When I had finished my homework, I went to watch television.
  

- Ask how many actions

- At the same time or after one another?

Participle clauses

In participle clauses, we use the -ing form to combine two clauses with the same subject.

• Waiting for the bus, I read about the demonstration in the newspaper.
• Having finished my homework, I went to watch television.
  

Participle clauses

In participle clauses, we use present participle ( the -ing form of the verb)  to combine two clauses with the same subject: when the action happens or happened at the same time as the main action. 

• Looking out across the sea, I couldn't imagine a more beautiful view.
  

• She waved her hands. She tried to keep the flies away from her face--> Waving her hands, she tried to keep the flies away from her face.

Participle clauses

In participle clauses, we use the -ing form to combine two clauses with the same subject.

We use the present participle of have (having) + past participle when the action happened before the main action. 

• Having paid the bill, we left the hotel.
• Form: having + past participle
  
• The visitors watched the sunset on the rock. Then they walked back to their hotel. --> Having watched the sunset on the rock, they walked back to their hotel.  

• The subject of both clauses must be the same.

• Looking up in the sky, the moon was beautiful. (= The moon looked up at the sky.)
• Looking up in the sky, I noticed how beautiful the moon was.
  

Fill in the gap: "... a cool lemonade, he stretched out in the sand."

1. Drinking
2. Having drunk

I took this sentence from the grammar reference from the Workbook that they had last year. There was some confusion in my classes, because it's also possible to do this after one another. Maybe it's a good idea to think of another sentence.

Fill in the gap: "... the postcard, I looked for an post office to buy a stamp."

1. Writing
2. Having written

Correct or incorrect? "Having gone for a swim, the water was cold."

1. Correct
2. Incorrect

Remind students that it's about whether the subject of both clauses is the same.

Correct or incorrect? "Having filled the water bottle, Peter returned to class."

1. Correct
2. Incorrect

Fill in the gap: "... the postcard, I looked for an post office to buy a stamp."

1. Writing
2. Having written

(blind)...by the sun, the driver didn’t see the stop sign

1. Blinding
2. Blinded

(search)..... for her gloves, she dug through the entire wardrobe

1. searched
2. Searching

(park)....the car, we searched for the ticket machine

1. Having parked
2. Parking
3. Parked

Rewrite using a participle clause: "The boy had brushed his teeth. He was allowed to watch a few more minutes of television."

rewrite using a participle clause.
"We are lying in the sun and we are enjoying life."

Apposition

The next stage was when Lucas Film Games, a video game publisher, developed Habitat, a more two-dimensional environment

Apposition

The next stage was when video game publisher Lucas Film Games developed a more two-dimensional environment called Habitat, 

rewrite: The Matrix came out in 1999. It is a science fiction film.

Thomas Anderson is the central character. He is a computer programmer and a hacker.

The star of the film is Keanu Reeves. Keanu Reeves is a famous American actor.

Now:

Grammar: ways of linking ideas WB. p 34+35

30 May

Listening TB. p. 74 +75

Vocabulary: complex prepositions TB. p. 75

R+UoE Part 7 TB. p. 76+77

Grammar: Linking idead: relative and participle clauses

R+UoE part 1: TB. p. 79

Vocabulary money expressions TB. p. 80 + WB. p. 35

Speaking Part 4: TB. p. 81

Writing: informal letter

All that extra training for the race...

I want to pay my way...

if you regularly eat too much,..

The company only just managed...

...is really paying dividends

...you'll pay the price by putting on weight

..to break even this year

..so let's split the bill

saves the money it cost

1. to be highly- overpriced
2. not making a profit or a loss
3. pay for itself
4. is getting good results

to make ends meet

1. spend too much on something
2. to live on what you earn
3. contibute your share of the cost
4. experience a bad result fom doing something