grammar repetition 2

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 3

Welcome!

Happy to see you today!

Take a seat and wait till we get started!

Today:

start up

grammar repetition

take notes!

break

get to work

wind down

Before the break

Take your notes from the previous grammar repetition

What do we remember about:

relative clauses (defining and non-defining)

passive past simple

present simple passive

present simple: used for facts/things that happen often or regularly

present simple passive: who is happens too + am/is/are + verb-ed

"The flowers are watered by the gardener every week"

"Cars are often stolen in this neighbourhood "

present simple passive

What about indicators for time and place?

Leave them be!

If they're at the end of the sentence: leave them there

"Pictures are drawn on the wall"

If it's one word in the middle: put it after am/are/is

"Mistakes are often made by her"

Past simple

What was it again?

How do you make it?

When do we use it?

Past simple

Something is finished, usually at one specific time in the past

I/he/they + verb-ed (second row for irregular verbs)

"I walked to school yesterday"

"I saw the Eifel tower in 2019" 

Past simple

Question sentences

"Did you walk home after the party last night?"

how to make: did + normal verb

negative sentences

"I didn't walk home last night, my mum picked me up"

how to make: did not/didn't + normal verb

Past continuous

"While I was doing homework, my mom walked in"

What was the past continuous again? 

Past continuous

"I was listening to music when my mom walked in"

Two things in the past, one interrupts the other/two happen at the same time

The one that started first: was/were + verb-ing

The one that interrupts/starts later: past simple

Time can also 'interrupt' something

Past continuous

Question sentence

"Were you sleeping when she came home?"

how to make: was/were + you/I/he/they/etc. + verb-ing

Negative sentence

"They weren't home when I arrived"

how to make: I/you/he/they + wasn't/weren't + verb-ed

I'm sorry I didn't pick up the phone. I __________ the dog when they called.

1. walked
2. had walked
3. was walking
4. am walking

It's so unfair! Last night I did the dishes all alone while my brothers __________ tv

1. Watch
2. Were watching
3. Was watching
4. Are Watching

While the teacher was explaining something, my pen _________ on the ground

1. Fell
2. Was falling
3. Had fallen
4. Is falling

at 2am sarah _________ letters to her secret crush

1. Wrote
2. Was writing
3. Is writing
4. Had written

Past perfect 

She had published her first book by the time she was 8

He had eaten all the popcorn when the movie started

When the police arrived, the thief had escaped

She understood the movie because she had read the book

Past perfect

Two things happened in the past, one before the other

"When the teacher had explained everything, Toby walked in"

The one that happened first: had + verb-ed

One that happened last/later: past simple

Past perfect

Question sentences

"how many books had she published by the time she was 8?"

How to make: Had + I/you/she/they/we/etc. + verb-ed

Negative sentences

"When my mum came home, I still hadn't finished my chores"

How to make: I/you/he/they/we/etc. + had not/hadn't + verb-ed

He __________ seventeen poetry books before he died

1. had published
2. has published
3. will publish
4. was publishing

by the time we got halfway, we _________ all our food

1. 'd eaten
2. had eaten
3. 've eaten
4. ate

It was nice to see George again last night, I _________ him in a long time

1. have not seen
2. hand't seen
3. haven't seen
4. hadn't seen

The past perfect can also be used for things that started in the past and go up to the present

1. true
2. false

All 3 together

What's the difference?

"The teacher explained everything. Toby walked in"

"The teacher was explaining when Toby walked in"

"The teacher had explained everything when Toby walked in"

What questions do you have about the past tenses? 

play.kahoot.it

Linking words

I'll show them again, write them down if you want, then we'll do a Kahoot to see who knows the linking words best

Giving extra information 

also - ook

and - en

besides - daarnaast

moreover - bovendien

too - ook

Showing cause and effect 

as a result - als gevolg daarvan, derhalve

because (of) - omdat, vanwege

in order to - om

since - aangezien

so - daarom, dus

that's why - daarom

therefore - daarom, dus

Showing Contradictions

although / though - hoewel

even though - hoewel

but - maar

despite/in spite of - ondanks

however - echter

instead (of) - in plaats van

nevertheless - hoe dan ook/toch

Showing order

first - eerst

finally - uiteindelijk

last - ten slotte

next - daarna

play.kahoot.it

Bye!

Have a nice day!