Gym 2: Past simple - past perfect - present perfect

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Agenda

• News 
  
• Grammar recap: past simple vs past perfect
  

News

Past simple

Past simple (het verleden tijd) is an action that is already finished in the past. 

• positive sentence: verb + ed. I walked to school yesterday.
  
• negative sentence: did + not + verb. I did not walk to school yesterday.
  
• question: did + verb ? Did I walk to school yesterday?

There are also irregular verbs!  You need to use the irregular verbs instead of verb + ed.

To run:

I ran to school yesterday.

I did not run to school yesterday.

Did I run to school yesterday?

Past perfect

We use the past perfect to indicate an action that occurred before another action or point in the past.

Positive sentence: had + voltooid deelwoord. She had finished her homework before the movie started.

Negative sentence: hadn't + voltooid deelwoord. They hadn't seen the new episode of the series when we discussed it.

Question: had + voltooid deelwoord. Had they already left when you arrived?

Past simple vs past perfect

Which happened first?

• The thieves broke in after he had locked the store. 
  
• She had learned French before she moved to Paris.
• They had been friends for years before they started working together.

Past perfect                              past simple                                   now

He had locked the store and then the thieves broke in. 

She had learned French and then moved to Paris.

They had been friends and then started working together.

She __________ everything before he ________ home.

1. ate / got
2. had eaten / got
3. ate / had gotten
4. eat / go

Karen ___________ to work and then it ________ to rain.

1. biked / start
2. had biked / had started
3. had biked / started
4. bike / started

Jessica ___________ very hard before she ________ the test.

1. had studied / took
2. studies / takes
3. studied / had taken
4. study / take

Melissa __________ out to meet her friends after she ________ her homework.

1. had gone / finished
2. went / finished
3. go / finished
4. went / had finished

Before I _____(become) famous, I ______ (write, already) two books.

1. became/ already wrote
2. became/ already had written
3. became/ had already written
4. become/ wrote already

I _________ that before.

1. did never
2. never did
3. didn't never do
4. have never done

__________ (to phone) Angie before he __________ ( to go) to London?

1. Did he phone - went
2. Did he phoned - gone
3. Did he phone - had gone
4. Had he phoned - went

She ____ (realise) she ____ (forget) her bag at home.

1. realised / forgot
2. had realised / had forgotten
3. had realised / forgot
4. realised / had forgotten

______ a decision yet?

1. Did you make
2. Have you made
3. Did you made
4. Had you made

The waiter __________ (to bring) the drink that I _______ (to order).

1. bring - order
2. had brought - ordered
3. brought - had ordered
4. brings - was ordering

Before Clark _____ (to call) the police, Sue _____ (to call) the fire department.

1. called / called
2. had called / had called
3. called / had called
4. had called / called

After Richard _____ (to study) biology, Richard _____ (to study) maths.

1. studied / studied
2. had studied / had studied
3. studied / had studied
4. had studied / studied

After Eric ___ (to make) breakfast he ___ (to call) his friend

1. made, had called
2. had made, had called
3. made, has called
4. had made, called