1. Cell cycle, mitosis and meiosis

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 1

Mitosis and the cell cycle

5 minutes to study the document called: 

1.6 Cell Division

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1.6 Stages of mitosis

Consists of the phases G1, S, G2

1. Mitosis
2. Interphase

Consists of the phases P, M, A, T, C

1. Mitosis
2. Interphase

The entire DNA in the cell makes an identical copy of itself

1. DNA replication
2. DNA transcription
3. DNA translation
4. DNA supercoiling

Chromatin condenses to form highly packed chromosomes

1. DNA replication
2. DNA transcription
3. DNA translation
4. DNA supercoiling

A non-duplicated chromosome has ..... chromatids

1. 1
2. 2

A duplicated chromosome has ...... chromatids

1. 1
2. 2

DNA is replicated to form genetically identical sister chromatids

1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 

DNA supercoils and condenses, forming visible chromosomes

1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 

Cell grows in size and organelles are duplicated

1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 

Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite sides of the cell

1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 

Chromosomes form a line along the equator of the cell

1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 

Sister chromatids are now regarded as two separate chromosomes

1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 

Cytoplasmic division occurs to divide a cell into two daughter cells

1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 

Nuclear membranes form around the two identical chromosome sets

1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 

Chromosomes decondense (DNA forms chromatin)

1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 

Two identical diploid daughter cells

1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 

Centrosome move to poles

1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 

Meiosis

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3.3 Meiosis

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3.3 Stages of Meiosis

Mitosis

4 haploid daughter cells

One round of cell division

Meiosis

Two rounds of cell division

2 diploid daughter cells

Genetic variation doesn't change

Purpose is to generate gametes

Genetic variation increases

Purpose is cellular proliferation

Crossing-over doesn't occur

Crossing-over does occur

Meiosis produces four diploid cells

1. True
2. False

A goal of meiosis is to increase genetic variation in gametes

1. True
2. False

How many cell divisions are there in meiosis?

1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4

In the first meiotic division...

1. Sister chromatids separate
2. Homologous chromosomes separate

In the second meiotic division...

1. Sister chromatids separate
2. Homologous chromosomes separate

Refers to chromosomes failing to separate either in metaphase I or in metaphase II

1. Random assortment
2. Crossing over
3. Non-disjunction

Process in which sister chromatids exchange portions of DNA during Prophase I

1. Random assortment
2. Crossing over
3. Non-disjunction

Process in which homologous chromosomes are aligned arbitrarily in metaphase II

1. Random assortment
2. Crossing over
3. Non-disjunction

Creates sperm and egg cells (gametes)

1. Mitosis
2. Meiosis
3. Both

Produces two diploid (2n) daughter cells

1. Mitosis
2. Meiosis
3. Both

Involves two successive cell divisions

1. Mitosis
2. Meiosis
3. Both

Creates a human cell with 23 pairs of chromosomes

1. Mitosis
2. Meiosis
3. Both

Starts with a diploid parent cell

1. Mitosis
2. Meiosis
3. Both

Daughter cells are genetically different

1. Mitosis
2. Meiosis
3. Both

Cells undergo DNA replication

1. Mitosis
2. Meiosis
3. Both

Recombination of genetic information through crossing-over

1. Mitosis
2. Meiosis
3. Both