past perfect

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 4

Welcome back!

• check homework (handout)
• Ready? Start with "versterk jezelf" of Unit 1. 
•  Together: Past Perfect
• Individual: Past Perfect
• Individual: Continue with "versterk jezelf" of Unit 1. 

Past Perfect

• Make sure you've got pen/paper ready!

Learning Intentions

1. I know the difference between past perfect and past simple (rules)
2. I know when to use which tense (signal words)
3. I know how to form the two tenses

How does it work?

Past Perfect        -           had + past participle

something happened in the past before something else happened in the past.

 

past participle

voltooid deelwoord

ww +(e)d / 3e rijtje

When do you use Past Perfect?

• If you want to add information to a story / text.
• If you want to tell something that happened before something else happened in the past.
• It is the past of the past.

past simple & past perfect

Past Perfect

Kort samengevat:

• De present perfect: ik heb gedaan (I have done)

• De past perfect: ik had gedaan (I had done)

• Bij deze twee tijden kan vergelijken met het Nederlands goed werken.

Signaalwoorden past perfect

*Right after he had shouted to me, he ran away.
*Before they went to the city, they had finished the game.
*As soon as we had finished our drinks, we went to school.
*You were surprised, because you had never seen anything like this.

By the time we got to the cinema, the movie ____________.

1. had already started
2. has already started
3. already started

It's nice to see you! I _________________ you in such a long time!

1. didn't see
2. hadn't seen
3. haven't seen

Was Tom there when you arrived? -- No, he ____________.

1. already left
2. has already left
3. had already left

The city is very different now. It _________ a lot.

1. has changed
2. had changed

Complete the sentence; use the past simple and the past perfect. 

They                   caviar last night; they                         caviar before.

eaten

never had

ate

had never had

2. The past perfect continuous

Form: had + been + verb + -ing, 

For example: had been walking, had been laughing, hadn't been driving etc..

*Compare with the present perfect continuous:

Examples:

1. Why are you so dirty? And why do you have a black eye?? -- Well, I've been fighting... 

2. I am so very tired... I have been working all day.

2. The past perfect continuous:

Examples:

1. When the boys came into the house, their clothes were dirty, their hair was messy and one of them had a black eye. It was clear that they had been fighting.

2. I was very tired when I got home. I had been working all day.

2. The past perfect continuous

Keep that difference in mind when you answer the following questions...:

*Be careful because I've also used other verb tenses than the ones we've just been talking about!

I ____________ abroad before I started this job.

1. have never been
2. had never been

John and I went for a walk. I couldn't keep up with him because ....

1. he had been walking really fast.
2. he was walking really fast.
3. he has been walking really fast.

I was angry when my mother sold my old toys. I __________ them for such a long time!

1. have had
2. had been having
3. had had

We were extremely tired at the end of our journey. By then, we __________ for more than 24 hours.

1. had been travelling
2. were travelling
3. have been travelling

I hope the bus comes soon. I ___________ for 30 minutes...

1. had been waiting
2. have been waiting
3. was waiting

At last the bus came. I ___________ for 30 minutes...

1. had been waiting
2. have been waiting
3. was waiting

Vertaal in het Engels: "Ik was net naar de winkel geweest."

Vertaal in het Engels: "Ik was moe, want ik had net een uur gerend."

How difficult do you find this topic?

too difficult; I don't get it

not difficult at all

a little challenging

Write 1 paragraph about sleep, use a past perfect. (25-30 words)

Present Simple

Present Continuous

Present Perfect

Past Simple

Past Continuous

Past Perfect

Used to

I walk

I have walked

I used to walk

I had walked

I am walking

I walked

I was walking

Learning Intentions

1. I know the difference between past perfect and past simple (rules)
2. I know when to use which tense (signal words)
3. I know how to form the two tenses

Did we achieve our goals?

YES!

Almost. I need to pracice, but I wil be okay.

No! I need help from the teacher.

• First: do the lessonup  "extra past perfect" individually. 
• Next: Do §2.4, exercises 16+17
• Then: check today's homework exercises (handout)
• Finished? Do the "versterk jezelf" exercises!