DNA Lesson 4 Translation and protein synthesis

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• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 4

DNA

Lesson 4 Translation & protein synthesis

Learning goals p. 53-55

You can describe how the process of translation takes place

You can explain the different steps of protein synthesis

Key words p. 53-55

mRNA

codon

start codon and stop codons

tRNA 

anticodon

amino acids

codon chart

DNA

mRNA

single stranded

double stranded

deoxy ribose

ribose

Thymine

Uracil

Intron: intruding, exon: expressed (RNA processing = lesson material V5)

If the template on the DNA reads: AGGTCTGAA what will the mRNA be?

If the non-template strand of DNA reads: CGGTAATG, what will the mRNA be?

Sooooo...

Nucleus: DNA template strand -->

Ribosome: mRNA: startcodon -->

tRNA: anticodons/amino acids -->

mRNA: stopcodon -->

polypeptide --> Protein (golgisystem)

tRNA = anticodon

mRNA = codon

Translation starts with a...

DNA (TAC) --> mRNA AUG (startcodon)--> tRNA methionine

The codon UGG codes for:

1. Stop
2. Tryptophane
3. Valine
4. Cysteine

The codon ACC codes for:

1. Histidine
2. Proline
3. Threonine
4. Glutamine

The codon that codes for start is:

1. AUG
2. UUC
3. UAG
4. CAG

Cracking the code:

MYCAT

Methionine – Tyrosine – Cysteine – Alanine – Threonine

tRNA: UAC – AUA – ACA – CAG – UGA

mRNA: AUG – UAU – UGU – GCU – ACU

DNA template strand: TAC – ATA – ACA – GCA – TGA

DNA coding strand: ATG – TAT – TGT – GCT - ACT

Learning goals p. 53-55

You can describe how the process of translation takes place

You can explain the different steps of protein synthesis

Homework

You can find on Magister