CH4 New ideas about living together

• Geschiedenis
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 4

Time of Wigs and Revolutions

CH4 New ideas about living together

What will we do?

1. Learning Objectives

2. Theory

3. Imagery

4. Getting started

5. Discussing learning objectives afterwards

Learning objectives

1. You can describe and explain the emergence of enlightened ideas.

2. You can name and explain several enlightened ideas. 

Theory

Time of Wigs and Revolutions (1700-1800) 

Why is this device the symbol of this era?

Why is this device the symbol of this era?

Theory

Describe in your own words how the new ideas about living together came about. In your answer, use the words: scientific revolution, logical reasoning, investigations, man and world view, enlightenment

Describe in your own words how the new ideas about living together came about. In your answer, use the words: scientific revolution, logical reasoning, investigations, man and world view, enlightenment

Theory

Many philosophers talked about using reason.

What does this mean?

Why were many monarchs unhappy with Enlightenment ideals?

How did Enlightenment ideals reach the poor?

Many philosophers talked about using reason.
What does this mean?

Why were many monarchs unhappy with Enlightenment ideals?

How did Enlightenment ideals reach the poor?

Theorie

Enlightened philosophers often started from questions. Why did monarchs have so much power? Why did the church prescribe so many rules? Why was there inequality? Questions related to:

Politics

Philosophy

Science

Faith

Economics

Social relations

Madame Geoffrin received famous artists, scientists and philosophers in her Parisian salon in 1775. 

Rousseau:

Popular sovereignty: power lies with the people! 

Montesquieu:

Separation of Powers (Trias Politica).

Voltaire

Voltaire was highly critical of the Catholic Church, which he said spread superstition and intolerance. Voltaire was a deist. He believed in God, but he believed that God was no longer active in the world. The best system of power, according to Voltaire, was enlightened absolutism. This means that a king, who thinks enlightened, makes good decisions for the people, because the people would be too stupid to make decisions for themselves.

John Locke

King does not get power from God, but from the people! So take good care of the people.

People should make a social contract among themselves: imaginary treaty where they agree to be political unit. Here you may elect governors and remove them if they do not function properly. 

Theory

Montesquieu's idea is very important. It is not good when power lies with one person. By dividing the power among three groups, there is less chance of abuse.

What do we call this ... ? 

Theory of Montesqieu:

Theory

Trias politica: division of power into:

- legislative power

- judicial power

- executive power 

Aan de slag

1. Opdrachten 1, 2, 3 en 4 op pagina 127. 

2. Beginnen met Kennen en Kunnen 4.1. 

Reviewing learning objectives

1. You can describe and explain the emergence of enlightened ideas.

2. You can name and explain several enlightened ideas.