§ 2.1 Society with cities DMB 2022

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• Middelbare school
• mavo
• Leerjaar 1

§ 2.1 A society of cities

1. How successful agriculture emerged in Egypt.

2. How part of the population began to live by crafts.

3. How trade and markets arose in Egypt.

4. How villages grew into cities.

Dit ga je leren in paragraaf § 2.1:

Lesdoelen

Bespreek de lesdoelen met uw leerlingen.

what do you know about ancient Egypt?

Delta

the Nile river

Where the Nile runs into the sea is called the Nile Delta.

The north is called Lower Egypt

The south is called Upper Egypt

Nijldelta

Beneden-Egypte

Boven-Egypte

Agriculture

Much desert in Egypt, except around the Nile River

The natural environment (habitat) was very suitable for agriculture

These floods came because of rain in Ethiopia but Egyptians didn't know that

Gods did the work

Irrigation allowed Egyptians to make good use of river water.

Fertile soil 

Gift of the Nile:

After flooding, Nile leaves behind fertile mud (Sludge). Crops such as wheat grow well on it. Thriving agriculture developed.

Rivieren

Irrigratie

craftmanship 

Agricultural surplus:

As a result, not everyone engaged in food production

Part of the people went into crafts

Using their hands and tools to make products

Specialization arose

Tekstboek § 2.1

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Landbouw aan de Nijl

Ambachten

Werkboek § 2.1  

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1 t/m 4

Organisation 

after each flood, farmers established field boundaries

maintained the irrigation system

cooperation is very important

some of the Egyptians took control

took over and thus gained power over the farmers. 

Markets

Agriculture yielded a lot.

Other profession: crafts

Exchanged made stuff at the market

This is trade

cties 

Along the Nile, near the market towns

villages as well.

These villages grow into cities.

agricultural society 

Society in which most people live in the countryside and make a living from agriculture but there are also cities with crafts and trade: Agricultural Urban Society

no equality 

Leaders governed an area and made farmers pay with agricultural products taxes

Part of these taxes leaders used to employ people officials

They also employed soldiers to keep power or gain more power

Kingdoms

Head of an area we call a monarch, they and their officials provided a government (administration)

A state is created: an area with a government.

Two kingdoms: Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt

one state

War between Upper and Lower Egypt

Eventually the king of Lower Egypt wins and Egypt becomes one state under King Namer in 3000 B.C.

Divine pharaoh 

King of Egypt

Egyptians are subjects and must obey him 

and his officials.

Egyptians believed that Pharaoh was a god

the "living Horus "

Tekstboek § 2.1

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Markten, Steden en Egypte wordt één staat.

Werkboek § 2.1 : 

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1 tot en met 9

 

leadership is needed

temples

 are built

rivers used for irrigation

bartering in market places

Fertile 

Crescent

social 

differences

barter 

trade

writing system

villages grow into cities

rise of 

agriculture

rules and laws needed

specialisation and craftsmen

agricultural surplus

population growth