Week 14: Unit 7 (Cause and Effect)

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 4

Today

Express reason, result & purpose

Today you will practice expressing reason, results and purpose (cause and effect) in writing.

1. Conjunctions and adverbs

conjunction = voegwoord, verbindingswoord

adverb = bijwoord

These conjunctions & adverbs show a connection between cause & effect when used in a sentence: because, so, so as to

She got to the top in her career because she spoke to all the right people.

2. Prepositions

Preposition = voorzetzel

These prepositions/prepositional phrase can be used to introduce cause:

because of, owing to, for

Rosie got the job because of her pleasant manner

Owing to the storms, all trains have been cancelled

I couldn't sleep for worrying

3. Verbs & verb phrases

These verbs introduce effect which lead to consequences or results:

- have led to        Keeping 1,5 meters distance has led to a drop in covid cases.

- will result in      Vaccinating everyone will result in a return to normal life.

These verbs introduce cause:

- to stem from        Ignorance stems from not having access to information.

- to be based on    My opinions tend to be based on scientific fact.

These participle clauses can also express cause & effect:

- having done         Having done all her homework, Abigail got a bonus on her final grade.

- having studied    Having studied English for 6 years, Thomas felt confident to travel the UK by himself. 

4. Nouns & noun phrases

Noun = zelfstandig naamwoord

These nouns can refer to cause and effect in a sentence. Study them and try to apply them properly:

• aim (doel)                                          The aim of the programme was to give students work experience.
• basis (basis, uitgangspunt)      Good technique is always at the basis of learning to skate fast.
• consequence (gevolg)                As a consequence of being late, Tammy had less time to take her exam. 
• explanation (uitleg)                      There was little explanation as to why he lost control of the vehicle before he crashed.
• motive (aanleiding, reden)        It was hard to discern a motive for why he committed the crime.
• outcome (resultaat)                     The outcome of their discussion is still unknown.
• purpose                                              What's the purpose of your visit? 
• reason                                                 His laziness is the reason why he is not as successful as he could be.
• result                                                   The success of her novel was the result of years of rewriting the plot to perfection.

Vocabulary

• Exercise 1: making collocations (A collocation is two or more words that often go together. These combinations just sound "right" to native English speakers, who use them all the time). Combine parts from A and B to make collocations that 'sound right' and translate them.
• Exercise 2: using collocations. Choose from the collocations you made at exercise 1 and fill in the blanks.
• Exercise 3: word formation. Change the word given into a different
  word derived from it to fill in the blank. Think about wordtype and
  prefixes/suffixes. If w word given is a verb, than you have to change
   it into a noun, adjective, adverb, gerund etc.
  Example: to justify - justice - justifiable - justifying - unjust

Reason, result & purpose (p. 48)

Exercise 1

Difference between reason, result, and purpose.

Reason, result & purpose

Look at the worksheet:

1. By yourself: Match the sentences using the cause and effect language.
   
   
2. With a partner: talk about your character. What does his life look like? Use as much of the provided language as posisble and give each other feedback.

Writing

Read the text on page 48. 

Without looking at the headers, summarize each paragraph. What information is given in each paragraph?

finished? Start Writing exercise 2 and finish your weektaak.

Listening & speaking ex 1-2

• For exercise 2, use the listening fragment here:

• For exercises 3-5, work with a classmate. Make sure you give reasons for your choices. Use the next slides to hand in your answers.
• For exercise 6, conduct the survey with your family members and present your results on the final slide.

Listening Unit 7, ex 2

Ex. 3-4: Which 3 jobs are the most valuable and which are the least valuable. Explain why.

Ex. 5: Which 4 extra job perks did you think of?

Ex. 6: Hand in your survey results here. Which questions did you ask and how did your family members respond?

V4 - CAE listening online

Parts 1- 4 with explanation & practice

Instructions

• For this listening test, you will fill in all your answers here, in the Lesson Up, so your teacher has feedback on how you score and what you struggle with. 
• There are 4 parts to CAE listening. Each part will have a short explanation with what is expected of you for this part and a link to the website where you will practice. At the end of each part, there is a slide where you hand in your answers or score for this part. 
• Make sure you take your time to answer the questions. A full test normally takes between 40-50 minutes and this will be similar to the listening test this year.

Good Luck!

Part 1: multiple choice

You will hear three different extracts. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B or C) which fits best according to what you hear. There are two questions for each extract.

Link: https://engexam.info/cae-listening-practice-tests/cae-listening-practice-test-12/

Hand in your answers on the open question slide. Video help on how to do parts 1 & 2 is on the next slide.

Hand in your answers to part 1 here. Just note the question number and your choice (A,B,C)

Part 2: gap fill

You will hear a scientist called Jim Weller giving a talk about some robots he has created and how they function like insects called termites. For questions 7-14 complete the sentences with a word or short phrase.

Link: https://engexam.info/cae-listening-practice-tests/cae-listening-practice-test-13/2/

Hand in your answers on the next open question slide. Return to the video help if you like. Make sure to listen closely for the words you need to fill in.

Hand in your answers to part 2 here. Just note the words you've chosen or give the score.

Part 3: multiple choice

You will hear part of a radio programme in which two people, Sally White and Martin Jones, are discussing the popularity of audio books. For questions 15-20, choose the answer which fits best according to what you hear.

Link: https://engexam.info/cae-listening-practice-tests/cae-listening-practice-test-8/3/

Hand in your answers on the open question slide. Video help on how to do parts 3 & 4 is on the next slide.

Hand in your answers to part 3 here. Just note the question number and your choice (A,B,C,D)

Part 4: Multiple match

You will hear five short extracts in which British people are talking about living abroad.

1. For questions 21-25, choose from the list A-H each speaker’s present occupation.
2. For questions 26-30, choose from the list A-H the main advantage each speaker mentions about living where they do.

Link: https://engexam.info/cae-listening-practice-tests/cae-listening-practice-test-2/4/

Hand in your answers on the next open question slide. Return to the video help if you like. Keep in mind that though you have 8 (A-H) options, not all of them have to used. Tip: take notes as you listen to see which speaker will match and translate any words in the questions that you don't know.

Hand in your answers to part 4 here. Just note the question number and your choice (A-H)