7.3 functional groups

• Scheikunde
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 3

7.3 Functional groups

Assignment 13 

Its all chemistry Noordhof 22/23

Assignment 14

Its all chemistry Noordhof 22/23

Assignment 16

Its all chemistry Noordhof 22/23

7.3 Functional groups

• Some hydrocarbons contain special groups:
• haloalkanes , one or more halogen atoms ( F,Cl, Br,I)
• alkanols , -OH-group
• alkanoic acids, COOH-group, a carboxy group

Haloalkanes

- the carbon chain has 4-C atoms, butane

- functional group is Cl, chlorobutene

- number the carbon chain, Cl-atom attached to C-2 

                                2-chloro-butane

Alkanols

- three C-atoms, propane

- suffix is -ol

                                              propanol

alkanoic acids

- two C-atoms  : ethanoic

- suffis is placed behind the name : ethanoic acid

- the acid group has no number 

                                       ethanoic acid

hydrophilic and hydrophobic 

The OH-  or NH-group group can form an extra bond with the OH- group in water molecules: hydrogen bond. These substances mix well with water, hydrophilic. 

Substances with no OH-group, (halo)alkanes and alkenes do not mix with water, hydrophobic. 

hydrophilic and hydrophobic 

Some molecules have a hydrophilic head (OH-group) 

and a hydrophobic tail (                  ), an emulsifier

C​8​​H​17​​

Name this substance .

1. chlorobutane
2. 1,2-chloropropane
3. 3,4-dichloropropane
4. 1,2-dichlorobutane

Name this substance

1. bromochlorobutane
2. 1-chloro-2-bromobutane
3. 2-bromo-1-chlorobutane
4. di-1-bromo-2-chlorobutane

Name this substance

Name this substance

read par 7.3

do questions par 7.3