Punctuation Intermediate

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 1

Punctuation

Lesson Schedule:

- Capitalisation

- Comma - How it works

- Run-on Sentences (Comma Splice)

- Co-ordinating Conjunctions (F.A.N.B.O.Y.S)

Breakdown:

Capitalisation: h becomes H

Comma: I have apples, pears, and grapes.

Run-on Sentences: Too many commas in one sentence.

Co-ordinating Conjunctions: For And Nor But Or Yet So

Punctuation

Capitalisation is the practice of writing certain letters as uppercase letters. 

Capitalisation

Rules: 

- Capitalize the pronoun "I."

- Capitalize other pronouns, which are the specific names of people, places, and things.

- Capitalize the first word of a sentence.

- Always start a new sentence with a space and then capitalise the first letter.

Drag and Drop:

1. i went to the store. -> __________________.

2. Her name is molly. ->__________________.

3. he has been to the anne frank house. -> _______ .

4. I really enjoy painting.It's fun! -> __________ .

The Comma is a punctuation mark that is used to indicate a pause or separation in a sentence. It makes a sentence easier to read.

Comma

Rules:

- Use a comma to separate items in a list. For example: "I need to buy milk, bread, and eggs at the store." 

- Use a comma for introductory words or phrases.

Examples:

Person vs. Robot

1. "Hello it's great to meet you."

- robot.

"Hello, it's great to meet you." 

- person.

2. "However I'm not sure if I want to go."

- robot.

"However, I'm not sure if I want to go." 

- person

Lists:

We need to buy grapes, oranges, and apples.

I enjoy camping, baking, and sewing.

Their names are Henry, Mika, and Sean.

Place the comma:

I bought eggs fish and bread.

Their names are Tommy Zoey and Michelle.

My parents want to get a new dog. However I prefer cats.

A run-on sentence is a sentence that has more than one complete thought and incorrect punctuation (too many commas). 

E.g.: The night was cold, my hands were freezing.

-> The night was cold. My hands were freezing.

Run-on Sentences ('Comma Splice')

Rules: 

- Separate complete thoughts (pieces of information) with a period.

-Replace one (or more) comma's with a different punctuation mark. 

A good start is to replace the first comma in a sentence with a period.

Examples:

1. I enjoy listening to music, my favourite singers are Harry Styles and Taylor Swift. -> _____.

2. I went to the store, I bought twelve scones, and ate them on the way home. -> _____. 

3. I went camping in the woods with my family, we set up a tent and told stories around the fire, which was fun.->__.

Co-ordinating conjunctions are 7 words that help us connect two separate sentences or phrases.

I like cheese. I like cake. -> I like cheese and cake.

Co-ordinating Conjunctions

Rules: 

- Use the F.A.N.B.O.Y.S acronym to remember the 7 co-ordinating conjunctions: For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So.

Explanation of F.A.N.B.O.Y.S

For - another word for 'because'.

And - used to link different things or choices of equal importance.

Nor- indicates something that did not happen or is not true. Usually used after the word 'Neither' (both).

But - used to link two separate sentences where the second sentence explains the first.

Or - used to indicate an alternative (different) option. Also used to link two different choices. 

Yet - another word for 'but'. Used to express an outcome.

So - Used to express the reason for an outcome.

F.A.N.B.O.Y.S in a sentence

For - Shana wanted pizza, for it was her birthday.

And - Marijn and Kian went to the beach. 

           Clarissa likes pizza and ice cream.

Nor- Neither Maya nor Sofia enjoy swimming.

But - Cléante wanted to feed the lion, but it was too dangerous.

Or - You can watch the movie on Thursday or Friday.

         Does Berzan prefer reading or gaming?        

Yet - Roisin enjoys shopping, yet she can never decide what to buy.

So - Griffin studied hard so that he could pass the exam.

         Timothy woke up early so that he could watch the sun rise.

More Examples:

For: "I went to the store, for I needed to buy milk and bread."

And: "I went to the store, and I bought milk and bread."

Nor: "I did not go to the store, nor did I do the dishes."

But: "I like pizza, but my sister prefers tacos."

Or: "She can come to the party, or she can stay home."

Yet: "I finished my homework, yet I still have to study for my test."

So: "I am tired, so I will go to bed early."

Fix the sentences using F.A.N.B.O.Y.S

1. Roisin enjoys shopping __ she can never decide what to buy.

2. Clarissa likes pizza. She also likes ice cream.

3. Shana wanted pizza __ It was her birthday.

4. Griffin studied hard __ that he could pass the exam.

5. Marijn __ Kian went to the beach. 

6. Neither Maya __ Sofia enjoy swimming.

7. Cléante wanted to feed the lion. It was too dangerous.  

8. Does Berzan prefer reading __ gaming? 

9. Timothy woke up early __ that he could watch the sun rise.