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DNA Lesson 1 Structure and function of DNA
DNA Lesson 1
Structure and function
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Slide 1:
Diapositive
Biologie
Middelbare school
vwo
Leerjaar 4
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DNA Lesson 1
Structure and function
Slide 1 - Diapositive
DNA
Chapter 21 & 22
Slide 2 - Diapositive
Slide 3 - Vidéo
0
Slide 4 - Vidéo
Levels of organisation
On which level do we find DNA?
Slide 5 - Diapositive
Learning Goals BS1
You can describe the structure of DNA
You can describe the function of DNA
Slide 6 - Diapositive
Key words 1 - Structure and function of DNA p. 45-49
DNA
genome
nuclearDNA
mtDNA
plasmids
nucleic acid
nucleotide
desoxyribose
Adenine (A)
Thymine (T)
Cytosine (C)
Guanine (G)
one strand of DNA
base pairing
basepair
double strand of DNA
helix structure
sequence
gene
(non coding DNA)
(repetitive DNA)
Slide 7 - Diapositive
Genome
- all of the DNA in a cell
prokaryote
= unicellular organism without a nucleus, e.g. a bacterium (p. 65)
In a prokaryotic organism the DNA lies in a
circle and is surrounded by cytoplasm
instead of a nuclear membrane.
A bacterium often contains another
short circle of DNA called a plasmid.
Slide 8 - Diapositive
Genome
- all of the DNA in a cell
eukaryote
- cell with a nucleus e.g. plant, animal or fungus (p. 66)
genome of an animal cell:
nuclearDNA
mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)
genome of a plant cell:
nuclearDNA
mitochondrialDNA (mtDNA) AND
DNA in chrloroplasts
Slide 9 - Diapositive
DNA - DesoxyriboNucleicAcid - desoxyribonucleïnezuur
DNA is constructed from 4 different building blocks (
nucleotides
); A,C,T,G (p. 64)
Every nucleotide is made of
3 elements:
1. a phosphate group
2. desoxyribose (a pentose sugar)
3. a base that contains nitrogen (-N)
engels nederlands
Slide 10 - Diapositive
Structure of DNA
Draw one
complete
nucleotide in your notebook and number the five corners
of the C-atom positions 1-5.
Slide 11 - Diapositive
single strand DNA
ssDNA
double strand DNA
dsDNA
Can you think of a way that makes it possible for DNA to be copied identical to their parent strand?
Slide 12 - Diapositive
Double helix
- A, C, T, G are complementary
- Like a ladder: rungs = bases and uprights = phosphates and sugar
- The DNA of
all
organisms is constructed of ACTG
- Antiparallel
- The sequence (= ACTG order) is unique for each organism
Slide 13 - Diapositive
Slide 14 - Diapositive
Next video
0:00 - 04:80 Structure and function of DNA
04:80 - 12:59 DNA Replication (Next lesson)
Slide 15 - Diapositive
2
Slide 16 - Vidéo
Homework
- Learn the first three bullet points of the summary p. 57
- Make sure you have drawn a complete nucleotide with numbered C atoms as instructed on slide # 10 in. LessonUp
- Copy and complete question 1 (p. 57)
- In classroom (Subject DNA) is a worksheet posted named Lesson 1 DNA: Structure and function. Make exercise 1 - 5 of the worksheet.
Slide 17 - Diapositive
05:18
What is the opposite strand of:
5' AGGTCCG '3 ?
A
5' TCCAGGC '3
B
3' TCCAGGC '5
C
'3 AGGTCCG '5
Slide 18 - Quiz
06:09
Name the three differences between DNA and RNA
Slide 19 - Question ouverte
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