Dyslexia


Dyslexia






By Rachel Nijsink, Stephanie van Dalfzen & Henrieke van Werven

28-05-2020
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Dyslexia






By Rachel Nijsink, Stephanie van Dalfzen & Henrieke van Werven

28-05-2020

Slide 1 - Diapositive

Today:
- What is dyslexia?                                    - The role of the parents
- Symptoms                                                 - Referrals
- Causes                                                        - Treatment
- Comorbidity                                             - Personal experiences
- Prevalence                                                - Protocol
- Student experience                              - Links to extra info
- Teacher experience                              - Quiz!
- Helping the dyslectic student

Slide 2 - Diapositive

What is dyslexia?

Slide 3 - Question ouverte

What is it like to live with dyslexia?

Slide 4 - Diapositive

What is dyslexia?
- Reading disablity , caused in parts of the brain that process language
- Normal intelligence, succeed perfectly in school with the right help and support
- Very common, affecting almost up to 20% of the worlds population

Slide 5 - Diapositive

Symptoms in children

  • Trouble reading
  • Difficulty spelling
  • Difficulty processing what they hear
  • Inable to sound out a unfamiliar word
In adults

  • Difficulty memorizing
  • Difficulty with maths
  • Trouble learning a new language
  • Difficulty summarizing a story
  • Trouble understanding jokes with idiom/expressions

Slide 6 - Diapositive

Causes:
- Genetic cause, tends to run in the family, together with environmental risk factors
- Risk factors: alcohol, drugs, nicotine or infection during pregnancy > affect brain development of the baby
- Premature birth
- Other differences in the brain that have no clear cause

Slide 7 - Diapositive

Comorbidity
30-45% comorbidity with other learning differences. It often occurs with:
- ADD/ADHD
- Dysgraphia and/or Dyscalculia
- DCD

Slide 8 - Diapositive

Prevalence
- Males appear to  be 2 to 3 times more likely to have dyslexia than females
- Men only use their left side of the brain to process language
- Females use both sides of their brain

Slide 9 - Diapositive

Problems in the classroom
- Good and bad days
- Hypersensitivity
- The ability to surprise
- Motivational problems
- Fear of failure
- Low self-esteem
- Avoiding new, unpredictable situations
- Poor short-term memory
- Lack of time-awareness and time management
- Difficulty maintaining focus

Slide 10 - Diapositive

In the foreign language classroom
- Intricate code breaking
- Confusing words and sounds
- Misspelling words, phonemic spelling

Slide 11 - Diapositive

Students might run into the following
specific problems in the classroom: 
- Read inaccurately 
- Have problems with spelling: especially getting tied up in long words 
- Confuse places, times, dates 
- Having difficulties to plan and write longer texts like essays 
- Having difficulties remembering formulas 
- Needing instructions to be repeated
- Suffer poor confidence and a low self-esteem 

Slide 12 - Diapositive

This can lead to students showing the following behaviors

- Forgetting (which) books to bring to class
- Difficulty organizing life with and around a timetable
- Misunderstanding complex instructions
- Problems keeping up with note-taking
- Actively avoiding hard tasks whenever possible:
- Student feeling strained, tired and irritable, unmotivated, distracted
- Student may complain of stomach or headaches
- Challenging behaviors in the classroom 

Slide 13 - Diapositive

More postivive behaviors
in the classroom:
           
                  - Solving puzzles 
                  - Seeing the bigger picture, being able to visualize images  
                  - Coming up with creative solutions 

Slide 14 - Diapositive

Helping the dyslectic student in the classroom
No cure
Dyslectic students can be helped by being taught certain strategies and techniques. 

 Holistic approach  

Strengths & weaknesses, motivations  

(Technical) aids:
test time, environment, reading texts out loud and visualizing instructions.


Slide 15 - Diapositive

Dyslectic students learn best from teachers when: 
- They understand them and spend time helping them
- They are prepared to repeat instructions and are happy to answer questions and smile when they ask for help.
- They proactively check on them when instructing or working on tasks
- They try to visualize instructions with pictures or writing things down clearly or recording instructions for them to listen to later.
- They teach the basic information, try not to ramble on about other things 

Slide 16 - Diapositive

Role of the parents  
  • Involved in learning 
  • Address the problem 
  • Work with school 
  • Be supportive 
  • Take steps to help at home 
  • Stay in contact with teachers

Slide 17 - Diapositive

Referrals: 
who can parents/pupils/school turn to?
  • Parents & school: support > equivalent but not equal 
  • Pediatrician/Family doctor 
  • Specialist teacher 

Slide 18 - Diapositive

Treatment 
  • Learning strategies & techniques 
  • Holistic Approach 
  • Psychological testing 

Pupils can be helped by:
  • Recognize & use phonemes
  • Understanding phonics
  • Comprehend 
  • Read aloud
  • Tutoring with reading specialist 

Slide 19 - Diapositive

Personal experiences
Personal experience of the learning difference. 

Slide 20 - Diapositive

Protocol in TP schools 
Rachel
  • Extra time 
  • Written tests: spelling mistakes don't count 
Henrieke 
  • Extra time 
  • Separate tests 
Stephanie
  • Arial 12 
  • 25% extra time 
  • Oral tests 

Slide 21 - Diapositive

Videos for extra information
Teachers TV: Secondary SEN Dyslexia Friendly Classroom
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/teachers-tv-secondary-sen-dyslexia-friendly-classroom-6039033
Teachers TV: Teaching the Dyslexic Child
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/teachers-tv-teaching-the-dyslexic-child-6049239 
Leraar24: Leerlingen met dyslexie geven tips aan leraren
https://www.leraar24.nl/360579/leerlingen-met-dyslexie-geven-leraren-tips/

Slide 22 - Diapositive

Choose the correct answer:
1. Research has shown that pupils whose parents are involved are not successful
A
True
B
False

Slide 23 - Quiz

True or false?
2. Dyslexia is more common among males
A
True
B
False

Slide 24 - Quiz

True or false?
3. Dyslexia can affect a child's self-esteem.
A
True
B
False

Slide 25 - Quiz

True or false?
4. Dyslectic students always have "bad days"
A
True
B
False

Slide 26 - Quiz

True or False?
5. Dyslexia is curable
A
True
B
False

Slide 27 - Quiz

True or False?
6. Students with dyslexia have a worse short term memory
A
True
B
False

Slide 28 - Quiz