2025 Renaissance and Reformation

• History
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 2

Who am I?

The spread of Renaissance 

Around 1450, Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press. 

Before this invention, all books had to be copied by hand, which was mostly done by monks in monasteries. By using the printing press, texts could be copied more easily, enabling knowledge to be spread faster. 

Because of this, the inhabitants of other European countries also came in contact with the Renaissance from Italy. These new ideals encouraged scholars throughout Europe to study the ancients. It even inspired merchants and adventurers to learn more about the world and to leave their homes in search of unknown lands.

Watch the video about Gutenberg's 

invention in the next slide

What are we going to do today?

Printing press, why important

The Reformation in Europe (2.1)

Watch video

Do exercises

Reading the story

Worksheet

Science in the Renaissance

Use the hexagon. Use page 8 and 9 tb. In pairs, answer the questions

• What is the Renaissance?
• When was the renaissance?
• Name two inportant artists
• How did peoples' worldview change during the Renaissance?
• How did Renaissance ideas spread across Europe?
• What is a humanist

What do you know about Erasmus?

Aims

• Give examples of protestant reformers. Name at least two
• What were the causes of the reformation? Name at least three

The Reformation

Reform of the Catholic church

Let's read page 32 and 33

Difficult words?

Do ex 3B page 41

What are we going to do?

1. Puzzle Erasmus

2. Recap

3.Learn about two reformers: Maarten Luther and Calvin

4. Start of Protestantism

5. Mix and match

6. Summary 

Important people

Maarten Luther

keizer Karel V

Johannes Calvijn

Desiderius Erasmus

Recap in groups discuss:

1. Why was the printing press revolutionary?

2. What was the Renaissance?

Where did the Renaissance start and why there?

3. Explain what the term Homo Universalis means.

4. Write down in your own words who Erasmus is and why is he important?

Indulgence

Diet at Worms

Theses

Relic

Reformation

Excommunication

Humanism

Purgatory

Vernacular

A ticket to heaven

Meeting organised by the Emperor

Statements

hair, nail, bone form a holy person

Reforming the Catholic church

Kicked out of the church

philosophy about human potential

A burning fire where you wait untill the last judgement day

Translation of the bible in the own language (German)

Learning objectives

After studying this section, you will be able to:

2.1 Give examples of protestant reformers

2.2 Explain the criticism of reformers on practices in the Church

      Explain that Protestantism spread throughout the world

      Take notes and structure them

Split of the  Catholic church

Read page 33 and 34

What do you know about Maarten Luther?

What were the problems in the church?

1.

2.

3.

What were the problems in the church?

1.

2.

3.

What kind of things were wrong in the Catholic church?

The Reformation Begins

• 1517: Luther protested against what, in his opinion, was wrong with the Catholic Church by posting his 95 theses
• The pope excommunicated Luther and wants him arrested
• 1521: Luther is ordered to the Diet at Worms to take back his words
• He doesn't do that and goes in hinding at the Wartburg, where he translates the bible into the vernacular.

What does Luther see in Rome that irritates him?

priests spend too much time praying

the clergy live too luxuriously

people worship relics

people refuse to worship the pope

clerics are sleeping with women

people worship images of saints

Put the events in the correct chronological order

Luther must appear before the Emperor

Luther visits Rome

Luther writes his 95 theses

Luther translates the Bible into German

Luther burns the pope's letter

Play the game

Mix and match

Done make the summary by filling in the gaps, 

Homework

Read 2.2: Causes of the revolution

Do: ex. 4, 6, 7, 8, 11

-Study keywords

William of Orange

The musical

29-09-2024

12:35

Assembly Hall (aula)

After the Diet of Worms

• Luthers supporters form the Lutherans and use Luthers protests to justify a split of the Catholic Church
• Their radical ideas spread all over Germany and causes violence against priests
• = the start of the Reformation

French Protestants

• Johan Calvin protested the Catholic Church
• French protestants = Huguenots
• Civil War between Catholics and Huguenots
• 1598: Edict of Nantes: Huguenots get more autonomy

Katholiek	Protestant
Contact met god door geestelijken	Direct contact met god en dominee legt de bijbel uit
Celibatair (geen seks en niet trouwen)	Niet celibatair
Geestelijken staan boven gelovigen	Dominee staat gelijk aan andere gelovigen
Verering van heiligen en relikwieën	Geen vereringvan heiligen en relikwieën

Verschil tussen katholieken en protestanten

Assignment

Make groups of three

Fill in the voca square, each person chooses one keyword (5 min)

Present your keyword to your groupmembers (5 min)

The Counter Reformation

Read the counter-reformation

What is it?

The Catholic Church defends itself

• 1545 (-1563): Church meeting that started the Counter-Reformation
• Protestants = heretics
• Inquisition should actively hunt them down and force them to become Catholic again
• Protestant books were forbidden and listed on the Index

Consequences

-The Protestant Reformation or Reformation, which caused Christianity in Western Europe to split into the Catholic Church and the Protestant Churches.

- Bloody religious wars

- Heretics are persecuted

- Critical books are banned (index)

In your own words, what was the Protestant Reformation?