2.3

• Aardrijkskunde
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 3

§2.3 Delfstoffen in soorten en maten 

§2.3 World: Mineral resources

At the end of this lesson..

.. you know that it depends on the way of formation what types have evolved 

.. you understand the difference in formation between ores and fossil fuels 

.. you can indicate different resources by using maps 

What are mineral resources?

What are mineral resources?

Sources we use that we win from underground

3 types:

1. Metals; iron, gold, lithium

2. Fossil fuels; coal, (crude) oil & gas

3. Various raw materials;salt, gravel, limestone

What is the difference between mineral resources and raw materials

1. Metals

Examples: iron, aluminium, tantaal, indium, lithium, cupper, chrome, nikkel, lead, zinc, tin, gold, silver and platina.

                                                       Metals are extracted from ores (ertsen)

What are ores?

Minerals in which we find metal and from which we can extract a mineral resource. it 

So ....all ores are minerals, but not all minerals are ores .

Examples of ores are:

• iron ore
• cupper ore
• silver ore
• gold ore

Gold ore

Iron ore

Open cast mining

Shaft mining

Mining

2. Fossil fuels 

What fossil fuels do you know?

Coalification:

Plants → peat → lignite → coal

                                                                                                   3 fases:

2

2. Door sedimentatie komt het veen steeds dieper te liggen. Met de diepte stijgt de temperatuur. Daardoor kan het pakket veen omgezet worden in bruinkool.

3

3. Wordt de druk en vooral temperatuur nog hoger, dan zal bruinkool veranderen in steenkool en gaat het laatste water en gas eruit. Deze 3 fases samen worden het inkolingsproces genoemd.

1

1. Afgestorven planten komen onder water te liggen, in een moeras. Door zuurstof te kort, verteren de planten niet. Er ontstaat veen.

Climate  →  tropical 

Carboon: 350 tot 290 million ya

 jaar gelede

position →  around equator

→ Tropical swamp

Formation oil

- dead plankton bottom sea

- covered by layers like sand

- high T and pressure turned it into crude oil

Together gas was formed

3. Various mineral resources

Example: salt, gravel limestone

recycle the resources already used

What will be left for you ?

Which mineral resource will run out fastest?

1. OIL
2. RARE METALS
3. LEAD
4. ANTIMOON

do:

Par 2.3 assignments: 1,2,6,7