Making a Difference: What happened before the Industrial Revolution?

• Humanities
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 3

Making a Difference

Statement of Inquiry: 

Revolutionary changes in technology can lead to positive and negative impacts on a global and sustainable society.  

Key Concept: Change

Related Concept: Innovation & Revolution

Global Context: Globalization & Sustainability 

Making a Difference

What happened before the Industrial Revolution? 

In the following two classes we focus on the following:

• What do you already know about the Age of Enlightment (AoE)
• Explanation about some important aspects/persons of the AoE
• Watch a short video, and answer quiz questions.
• Get to work, make some assignments in LessonUp! 

Age of Enlightment

A Scientific Revolution...

During the 1500's and 1600's, people used reason to explain principles in society. 

Science and experiments made sure that reason was achieved. It was revolutionairy! 

Philosophers wanted to understand human behaviour and created natural law. 

Through the use of reason, thinkers could solve social, economic and political problems

Hobbes vs. Locke

Hobbes:

• people are naturally cruel, greedy, selfish
• people enter a social contract 
• only an absolute monarchy can rule 

Locke:

• people are naturally good an moral
• people have natural rights 
• governments need to protect basic rights

Making a Difference

Watch the video on the next slide and answer the questions. 

00:36

What did Copernicus discovered in 1543?

01:46

Why was Newton's Principia in 1678 an 'incredibly powerful publication'?

02:41

What kind of questions did thinkers during the Age of Enlightenment asked?

04:39

Give an example from the Second Treatise of Civil Government that shows why John Locke has a somewhat positive view on society and mankind.

05:50

Give three examples of events that are very much inspired by the ideas of John Locke's natural law of reason.

07:21

Did the ideas of the Age of Enlightenment continued to grow, just like technology during and after the Industrial Revolution? Explain your answer.

Making a Difference

Go to Google Classroom and read the text on the handout: 

Hobbes vs. Locke Assignment 

After you have read the text, answer the questions on the next slides 

Both Hobbes and Locke lived through revolutionairy times in England. What did Hobbes see during those times that Locke did not?

How could Hobbes' experiences influence his view of human nature?

What is the source of the first document? (Title, Author, Date)

What happens to men when they desire the same thing in wich they cannot share?

What is Hobbes view about the state of nature of man?

What happens to society when men are at war?

What type of government would Hobbes propose: A democraxy made of all men or a monarchy of one awe inspiring man? Explain your answer in about 20 words.

What is the source of the second document?

According to Locke, what is the state of nature?

What governs the state of nature?

How does Locke's view represent the values of the United States of America? Use a quotation from the second source in your answer.

What did God give to man? How should man act with whats he has been given from God?

Does Locke think that people should have total liberty with no limits? Explain your answer in about 20 words.

Who do you agree with more, Hobbes or Locke? Explain your answer in about 50 words.

Making a Difference

Go to Google Classroom and read the text on the handout: 

Enlightment Thinkers Quote Assignment 

After you have read the text, answer the questions on the next slides. 

On the next 10 slides, read the quote and match it with the right Enlightment Thinker. 

"I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it".

1. Wollstonecraft
2. Rousseau
3. Voltaire
4. Montesquieu

"It is better to prevent crimes than to punish them".

1. Beccaria
2. Voltaire
3. Rousseau
4. Montesquieu

"Nothing on this earth is worth buying at the price of human blood".

1. Montesquieu
2. Rousseau
3. Voltaire
4. Wollstonecraft

"The divine right of husbands, like the divine right of kings, may. It is hoped, in this enlightened age, be contested without danger".

1. Montesquieu
2. Beccaria
3. Rousseau
4. Wollstonecraft

"Man is born free, but everywhere he is in chains".

1. Rousseau
2. Beccaria
3. Voltaire
4. Montesquieu

"It is dangerous to be right when the government is wrong".

1. Beccaria
2. Wollstonecraft
3. Rousseau
4. Voltaire

"When the legislative and the executive powers are united in the same person...there can be no liberty".

1. Rousseau
2. Beccaria
3. Montesquieu
4. Voltaire

"No man can be judged a criminal untill he be found guilty; nor can society take from him the public protections, until it have been proved that he has violated the conditions on which it was granted".

1. Beccaria
2. Wollstonecraft
3. Rousseau
4. Voltaire

"Again, there is no liberty, if the judiciary power be not seperated from the legislative and executive...Were it joined to the executive power, the judge might behave with violence and oppression".

1. Wollstonecraft
2. Montesquieu
3. Voltaire
4. Rousseau

"Strengthen the female mind by enlarging it, and there will be an end to blind obedience".

1. Rousseau
2. Beccaria
3. Montesquieu
4. Wollstonecraft