Cette leçon contient 15 diapositives, avec diapositives de texte et 1 vidéo.
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Slide 1 - Diapositive
12.6 DNA modification
Introduction
Learning objectives
Instruction DNA modification
Assignments
End of class
Slide 2 - Diapositive
How did a human gene end up in the DNA of Herman the Bull, according to you?
Slide 3 - Diapositive
Learning objectives
You will learn why and in what way humans alter the DNA of organisms.
You will learn why certain opponents disapprove of DNA modification.
Slide 4 - Diapositive
DNA
gene therapy = modifying genes in order to cure a patient
Slide 5 - Diapositive
Slide 6 - Vidéo
Genetic modification
= the altering of an organism's DNA
genetically modified organism (GMO) = organism in which the DNA has been altered by humans
transgenic = if the new gene originates from another species
Slide 7 - Diapositive
NL vertaling:
Producten van transgene bacteriën
Stollingsfactoren in hemofiliepatiënten
Medicijnen en hormonen
Biobrandstof van groenafval
Aspartaam, een zoetstof in light dranken
Slide 8 - Diapositive
DNA modification
You ‘cut out’ the desired gene from the DNA of another organism, using a special enzyme.
You insert this gene into another cell by:
- injecting the gene into the cell nucleus
- using a vector as a means of transport (virus, plasmid, projectiles)
Slide 9 - Diapositive
Viral vectors
A virus brings the DNA to a host cell.
Example: gene therapy for CF
Slide 10 - Diapositive
Plasmids
Plasmid = circular piece of DNA that is able to replicate its own DNA independently
Used to insert a gene into a bacterium
Slide 11 - Diapositive
Projectiles
Shooting very small golden projectiles, covered with DNA, into a cell nucleus.
Slide 12 - Diapositive
Normal rice: No vitamin A Transgenic rice: contains vitamin A
Vitamin A deficiency causes blindness and death
Slide 13 - Diapositive
Objections to genetic modification
The individual character and the well-being of animals are affected by genetic modification.
Unexpected effects may occur (e.g. plagues)
The pollen of genetically modified plants can also end up in traditional crops. The offspring then contains the new genes, even though you might not want it to.
Transgenic food can pose a threat to our health.
New illnesses that could be transmitted from animals to humans could develop
Slide 14 - Diapositive
What?
Read: 12.6
Make: at least 10 assignment (make sure to make assignments from all of the different parts of instruction)
How?
In your book. You may whisper if you want to discuss an assignment with your neighbour.
Help?
Try to answer the question together. Raise your hand if you can't figure it out together.
