§6.2. Transport and communication

• Geschiedenis
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 2

6.2 Transport and communication

Transport and communication?

2000

Jaar 1

1000

1500

1900

1700

Objectives

Lesson Objective:

By the end of this lesson, you will be able to explain: How inventions in the 19th century brought about a transportation and communication revolution. And what effects this had on people and society.

Language Objectives:

Reading, reading comprehension, learning to summarize, learning new historical concepts and expanding vocabulary.

Travelling in NL around 1900

Travelling took a long time often just by foot or on horseback

Roads were not paved but dirt roads

Barge and diligence coach with a timetable

A trip from Groningen to Amsterdam took 2 days

railroads

GB built an extensive rail network beginning in 1830.

The Netherlands began in 1839 with a railroad between Haarlem and Amsterdam 1849 extended to Rotterdam and the Amsterdam-Arnhem line.

Building was difficult due to the soft peat soil (turfgrond).

Large rivers needed railroad bridges, these came from 1860 onwards.

By 1900, a rail network had been constructed across the Netherlands

Transport over water

Water transportation also became much better in the 19th century. Canals were dug and rivers were deepened. This allowed raw materials and products to be transported faster over water.

Maritime transport also became easier, due to the emergence of iron steamships. This also made it easier for people to travel to other parts of the world.

Bicycles and cars 

1860: steamroller (stoomwals) 

> Roads could be paved

1888: Rubber pneumatic tire

> Bicycles became so popular, freedom for women!

First cars came on the road

Benz: car inspired by the bicycle

consequences: 

The transportation revolution had major implications:

People from rural areas could now get to other places.

Use of trains, streetcars and bicycles

People could now travel long distances more easily

Economic: Goods were transported faster and in greater quantities, increasing the volume of trade. Perishable goods could now also be transported over greater distances.

Communicationrevolution

- Discovery that electricity can be used to send signals through a copper wire. 1830 telegraphy. Texts with code in sound signals.

GB began construction of telegraph network

1866 Submarine cable from Europe to America

In the 1860-70s, the telephone was invented

Communications revolution better and faster way of exchanging information

Photography, gramophone, typewriter and finally the first film.

Telefoon (1892), grammofoon (1899), schrijfmachine (1900)

Telegraph

Instrument used to transmit messages with electrical signals over copper wire. 

Tele-phone

In the Netherlands, Amsterdam became the first Dutch city to have a telephone network in 1881.

Grammophone

Instrument used to reproduce sound recorded on a disc.

Typewriter

Device that uses push buttons to put letters on paper.

Gevolgen

The communications revolution had major implications:

- Faster dissemination of news.

- Faster dissemination of knowledge.

Emergence of mass media.

"Getting smaller" of the world.

Aan de slag:

Lees paragraaf 6.3 aandachtig en schrijf daarna op wat in deze paragraaf besproken wordt:  Wie, Wat, Waar, Waarom, Wanneer..., 

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Maken: Vraag 1 t/m 10 blz. (behalve vraag 6) 140 - 142.