Modal Verbs

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 2

Lesson Aims:

- Het leren kennen van hulpwerkwoorden in het Engels en weten wanneer je ze moet gebruiken.

What are modal verbs?

- hulpwerkwoorden die verschillende dingen aan geven:

Mogelijkheid, iets kunnen, iets nodig hebben, advies geven, verplichting of toestemming geven.

- Woorden: can, could, may, might, must, should, have to, shall, will, would, to be able to 

- Kan ook gebruikt worden in negatieve zinnen en vraagzinnen. (Ex.: cannot/can't, May I have a glass of water?)

Can / Could:

Can:

- Laat zien dat je iets kan (Ex.: Superman can travel at the speed of light.)

- Toestemming vragen (Ex.: Can I go to the bathroom?)

Could:

- Je kon iets in het verleden (Ex.: Michael Jordan could do amazing things on the basketball court.)

- Mogelijkheden in het verleden of dingen die nooit bekend zullen zijn. (Ex.: Could the athletes of the past have beaten the current athletes?) 

May / Might:

May:

Toestemming vragen (Ex.: May I go to the bathroom?)

Mogelijkheid (Ex.: Richard may be coming to visit tomorrow evening.)

Might:

Mogelijkheid (Ex.: The clouds are getting darker, it might rain today.)

-Femke might or might not get accepted into the law school. 

-The situation with the company looks bad, and the employees might lose their jobs. 

Should / Shall:

Should - advies geven: 

Ex.: You should make sure to get enough daily exercise, eat healthily, and avoid junk food.

    -  You shouldn't drink and drive. 

    -   Shouldn't we get gas first? 

Shall: een aanbod doen om iets te doen - een suggestie in de toekomst. Vaak gebruikt met "I" and "We". 

Ex.: I shall return!

       Shall we go?

      We shall overcome some day!

Will / Would:

Will:

Voorspelling: 

Ex.: Ajax will become Dutch football champions in 2022.  

- Based on his marks, John won't be able to graduate. 

Would:

Een situatie die misschien gaat gebeuren:

Example:

If I ever win the lottery, I would buy a large house with a swimming pool in the backyard. 

Must/Have to:

Must:

- Als dingen MOETEN gebeuren, ook gebruikt voor het geven van bevelen.

Ex: You must come right away, your wife is in labor. 

       We mustn't jump to conclusions. 

       The soldier must report to duty immediately. 

Have to:

- Om te zeggen dat iets verplicht is 

ex: Children have to go to school.

You don't have to be late for class. 

To be able to:

Om aan te geven dat iemand iets kan doen en de vaardigheid hebben om het te doen. 

Examples:

- After two weeks of being ill with the coronavirus, Sarah is able to return to work. 

- John injured his ankle in practice and won't be able to play this weekend. 

She is a small baby. She .......... eat solid fruit.

1. must not
2. could not
3. cannot
4. shall not

He is very tall, so he ...... play basketball.

1. might
2. can
3. could
4. should

The doctor said that I ......... smoke anymore.

1. mustn't
2. shouldn't
3. shall not
4. couldn't

....... I use your pen, please?

1. Could
2. Might
3. Can
4. May

Since they all have part-time jobs, the students ............. pay the monthly rent.

1. are able to
2. am able to
3. was able to
4. is able to

.......... Mary come with us?

1. Can
2. Could
3. May
4. Will

In France, you .......... drive on the right.

1. can
2. may
3. must
4. have to

According to the weather report it .... rain this afternoon.

1. can
2. may
3. might
4. shall

That ........ be John over there. He said he would be in America this week.

1. couldn't
2. won't
3. shouldn't
4. can't

I think you ____ relax more. You have been working too much lately.

1. should
2. could
3. may
4. can

I promise I _______ stop smoking.

1. would
2. will
3. shall
4. might

The student at the private school
........ wear a coat and tie to school.

1. has to
2. have to
3. must