2.3 Differences in temperature

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• Leerjaar 1

What are we going to do?

Repeat climates at low- and high latitude.

Differences in temperature on Earth.

Exercises paragraph 2.

Learning goals:

- What factors influence climate?

- How differences in temperature occur on Earth?

- Why are there different climates on earth

- Why is it warmer in the tropics than on the poles.

Low latitudes

Areas around the equator are at low latitude.
You can find a tropical and a desert climate at low latitudes.

High latitudes

High latitudes are areas that are closer to the North and South pole.

There are bigger differences in temperature in these regions, therefor we have seasons in these places.

Differences in temperature

Solar radiation

When the angle of the sun's rays is higher, there'll be a warm climate (tropical). We can find this area around the equator.

The sun's rays have to radiate a smaller area.

Solar radiation

When the angle of the sun's rays is low, there'll be a cold climate (polar climates).

Because the same amount of rays have to radiate a bigger area.

Warm climates

The sun's rays hit the earth at a lower angle. So they'll have to warm up a smaller area.

Cold climates

- The sun's rays hit the earth at a great angle. So they'll have to warm up a larger area.

- The sun's rays have to travel longer across the atmosphere. Therefor a amount of the rays that are travelling towards the Earth will bounce back due to the atmosphere.

The atmosphere

Exercise recognizing climates

1. You'll be given a map of the world.

2. On this map of the world, you'll have to write 5 numbers down.

3. I'll show you 5 pictures that correspond to the numbers (first picture is number 1, second number 2 etc.)

4. Write the numbers down on the map where you think we can find the climate that you'll see in the picture.

5. Discuss afterwards with your neighbour!

Exercises & homework

Continue with the exercises 1 to 6 on page 34-35 (paragraph 2)

What are we going to do?

The higher, the colder
Summer and winter

Exercises in your workbook

Learning goals:

You will understand what the effect of height is on temperature.

You will understand how the difference between summer and winter comes to exist.

The higher, the colder

At an altitude of a 1000 meters, the temperature decreases with 6 degrees.

The higher, the colder

When a ray of light hits the Earth's surface the energy of that ray of light will turn into warmth.

This warmth, warms up the Earth's surface and this will warm up the air above it.

Correction

When the sun ray's hit the Earth at a low angle there'll be a cold climate.

When the sun ray's hit the Earth at a high angle there'll be a tropical / warm climate.

Summer and winter?

Summer and winter?

The seasons

The Earth's axis is tilted, therefor in december the south pole is closest to the sun.

In june the north pole is closest to the sun.

Because of this the seasons exist.

The equator

In the neighbourhood of the equator there are no seasons. This happens because the sun is always close to the equator.

Different solstices.

Solstice

On march 21st the sun is above the equator, it'll be spring for us.

On september 21st the sun is above the equator again, it'll be autumn for us.

Solstice

On june 21st the sun is above the Tropic of Cancer, we'll have summer now.

On december 21st the sun is above the Tropic of Capricorn, we'll have winter now.

Exercises

Continue with the exercises on page 38-39 ( par. 2.3)