Ch. 4 E. Grammar

Today
Chapter 4
E. Grammar
Negations and modals
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Slide 1: Diapositive
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Today
Chapter 4
E. Grammar
Negations and modals

Slide 1 - Diapositive

Learning goal

I can use modals in the positive and negative form as well as quantifiers.

Slide 2 - Diapositive

which modals do you
already know?

Slide 3 - Carte mentale

Modals and negations
You already know some modal verbs such as 
can, to be able to, could, must, to have to and should. 

Other modal verbs are ought to, might and may.

Ought to is used to talk about things that are ideal or desired. 
Just like should it is used to give advice but should is more subjective. 
Ought to is more formal than should.

You should listen to her new album. 
She ought to pay her parking tickets. 
It ought to be forbidden.

Slide 4 - Diapositive

May and might
May and might are used when you are unsure about something and to ask for or give permission. 
May is more formal than can and could and might is even more formal. 
Might is also the past tense of may.

We may take the train to Berlin.
May I leave the classroom?.
I might meet him today.
Might I look at your diary?

To make a modal negative, you place not or n't after the modal. With to be able to you place it after the form of to be and with ought to, you place it after ought. You make a negation with to have to by adding a form of to do.

Slide 5 - Diapositive

TIP
It is uncommon to use ought to in a negation. Instead, shouldn’t is usually used.
I can't open the window.
I couldn't swim very fast then.
I wasn't able to come by yesterday.
She may not leave her room.
It might not be true according to this report.
He shouldn’t go there by himself.

You mustn't share my secret.
We don't have to do any homework today.
She ought not to ignore the rules.

Slide 6 - Diapositive

Sam oughts to behave better
A
correct
B
incorrect

Slide 7 - Quiz

Welke klopt niet:
'ought to' gebruik je om...
A
jezelf en anderen advies te geven
B
te vertellen dat iets gedaan moet worden
C
te vragen naar eigen verplichtingen
D
te benadrukken dat iets niet mag

Slide 8 - Quiz

SHOULD en OUGHT TO betekenen het zelfde maar ________ is formeler
A
should
B
ought to

Slide 9 - Quiz

Should, had better, and ought to are used to give ________
A
advice
B
information

Slide 10 - Quiz

De modal should betekent...?
A
een dringend advies
B
een verplichting
C
een vrijblijvend advies

Slide 11 - Quiz

Welke modal?

Verplichting
A
Must
B
Have to
C
Can
D
Should

Slide 12 - Quiz

Shouldn't / ought to / had better
a
b
c
d
e
f
g

Slide 13 - Question de remorquage

Prohibition
Advice
Obligation
have to
must
should
ought to
must'nt
aren't allowed
need to

Slide 14 - Question de remorquage

Work on

E. Grammar

Slide 15 - Diapositive

Homework this week
E. Grammar
F. Listening
G. Reading

Slide 16 - Diapositive