Lesson 3: succession, eutrophication & deforestation

Ecology
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Slide 1: Diapositive
BiologieMiddelbare schoolvwoLeerjaar 4

Cette leçon contient 35 diapositives, avec quiz interactifs, diapositives de texte et 3 vidéos.

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Ecology
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Slide 1 - Diapositive

Learning objectives
  • Describe how human influences impact global warming
  • Describe how an environment can change over time due to succession
  • Describe the impact of eutrophication and bioaccumulation on a natural system

Slide 2 - Diapositive

Which of the following is usually true about secondary consumers in an ecosystem?
A
They eat only plants
B
They are eaten by primary consumers
C
They are fewer in number than are primary consumers
D
They contain the greatest total biomass in the system

Slide 3 - Quiz

Which of the following best explains why there are seldom more than five trophic levels in a food chain?
A
Most carnivores function at more than one trophic level
B
Top carnivores are too few in number to hunt effectively
C
The ecosystem contains too much biomass
D
Energy is lost from each trophic level

Slide 4 - Quiz

Succession

Slide 5 - Diapositive

Succession: 'The change in structure and species composition of a community over time'

Slide 6 - Carte mentale

2

Slide 7 - Vidéo

03:34
Pioneer stage (early succession)
Climax stage (late succession)
low biodiversity
high biodiversity
fluctuating abiotic factors
stable abiotic factors
Few layers
Very layered (heights of vegetation)
Closed cycles
Open cycles
Stable biomass
Increasing biomass

Slide 8 - Question de remorquage

Scientists found, that over a period of 200 years, a mountain pond was transformed into a meadow. During that time, several communities of organisms were replaced by different communities. Which of these best explains why new communities were able to replace older communities?
A
The original species became extinct
B
Species in the older community died from old age
C
The abiotic characteristics of the habitat changed
D
Diseases that killed the older organisms disappeared

Slide 9 - Quiz

Examples of Abiotic Factors include:
A
Weather, birds, plants, and animals
B
Rocks, reptiles, shrubs, trees, and grasses
C
Weather, wind, rain, sunlight, and rocks
D
Birds, plants, animals, reptiles, shrubs, trees, and grasses

Slide 10 - Quiz

How is primary succession different from secondary succession?
A
Primary succession starts with soil
B
Secondary succession start with bare rock
C
Primary succession starts with bare rock, with lichens and moss
D
Fire is an example of primary succession

Slide 11 - Quiz

How do lichens contribute to primary succession?
A
Lichens decompose organic matter from animals and plants
B
Lichens begin to break down rock to form soil
C
Lichens are nitrogen fixing bacteria
D
Lichens convert carbohydrates into fossil fuels.

Slide 12 - Quiz

A pioneer species is...
A
a large organism
B
the first organisms to adapt to a new environment
C
The best organism
D
Abiotic organisms

Slide 13 - Quiz

What is the order of succession shown in this figure?
A
A, B, C, D
B
A, D, C, B
C
C, A, D, B
D
C, D, A, B

Slide 14 - Quiz

Deflected succession
Preventing succession from proceeding to a climax system.
Often through management of humans

Slide 15 - Diapositive

Which of the following is an example of deflected succession
A
Volcanic eruption
B
Letting cattle graze in a natural park
C
Planting trees
D
Flood

Slide 16 - Quiz

What type of succession is shown going from figure A to figure B?
A
Primary succession
B
Secondary succession
C
Intermediate succession
D
Deflected succession

Slide 17 - Quiz

Explain the difference between the greenhouse effect and global warming

Slide 18 - Question ouverte

We need the natural greenhouse effect for Earth to be habitable.
A
True
B
False

Slide 19 - Quiz

Which 2 greenhouse gases contribute the MOST to global warming of Earth?
A
N2O and H2O
B
O3 and H2O
C
CO2 and CH4
D
CO2 and O3

Slide 20 - Quiz

Explain the effect of deforestation on global warming

Slide 21 - Question ouverte

What are other effects of deforestation?

Slide 22 - Question ouverte

What is the name for the trapping of heat by gases in the atmosphere.
A
gas shield
B
global warming
C
carbon footprint
D
greenhouse effect

Slide 23 - Quiz

Largest number of individuals of a population that the environment can support
A
carrying capacity
B
primary succession
C
limiting factor
D
density dependent factor

Slide 24 - Quiz

Slide 25 - Vidéo

When fertilizers run off farmland into streams and ponds, the nitrogen content of the water increases. This can lead to rapid growth of algae in a process called eutrophication. How can this process affect other organisms in the water?
A
Oxygen is used up as algae is decomposed, reducing the amount available to other organisms.
B
The water becomes better able to support aerobic organisms.
C
The algae provide food for fishes and other organisms, leading to decreased algae populations.
D
The extra nitrogen provides additional food for the other organisms, increasing their population.

Slide 26 - Quiz

Put the steps in order
1
2
3
4
5
6

Slide 27 - Question de remorquage

In eutrophication, what does 'algal bloom' refer to?
A
The rapid increase in the number of bacteria
B
The rapid increase in the number of plants
C
The rapid decrease in the number of fish
D
The rapid increase in the amount of nitrates in the river

Slide 28 - Quiz

In eutrophication, what directly causes the death of fish?
A
The plants use up oxygen in respiration
B
The fish are poisoned by high CO2 levels
C
Bacteria use up oxygen in respiration
D
The fish use up oxygen in respiration

Slide 29 - Quiz

Slide 30 - Vidéo

Which level in the pyramid has the most energy?
A
1 because they are autotrophs
B
1 because they are carnivores
C
4 because they are autotrophs
D
4 because they are carnivores

Slide 31 - Quiz

What is bioaccumulation or biomagnification?
A
buildup of toxins in an organism
B
the total mass/amount of organisms in a given area
C
the number of different species in an area

Slide 32 - Quiz

Which organism would have the most bioaccumulation?
A
A because it consumes all the toxins from B, C, and D
B
D because energy is lost as heat
C
A because I'm not really reading what this says.
D
D because it consumes all the toxins from B, C, and D

Slide 33 - Quiz

03:34
Steps in succession
  1. Pioneer species come in 
  2. Through their existence they change the abiotic factors (add nutrients to ground, create shade, block wind etc)
  3. This makes the environment suitable for other species to come in
  4. These new species can outcompete the previous species making them dissapear from the system
  5. This creates a follow up of species over time, because the population keep on changing the environment

Slide 34 - Diapositive

Homework
Complete the worksheet on Classroom

Slide 35 - Diapositive