1.4 Extraction, adsorption and chromatography

• Scheikunde
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 3

Extraction, adsorption and chromotography

Paragraph 1.4

Extraction

Difference in solubility

Mixture: two solids

Solvent added

Followed by filtration and evaporation

Adsorption

Difference in adhesion to solid

Activated carbon used

Removal of colourants, toxins and 
flavourins

Followed by filtration

Demo - Decolor spiritus

Difference between absorbtion en adsorbtion

Absorption: substance is taken up by another substance (sponge)

Adsorption only interaction on the surface (norit)

Chromatography

Difference in solubility in the moving liquid and adhesion to paper
Result = chromatogram

Chromotography

At the bottom you add samples on paper (stationairy phase) which is put solvent (mobile phase)

Samples will partially be drawn up with the

liquid

Dots on same height are same substances

Lab experiment - Paper chromotography

What is paper chromotography based on?

1. Difference in boiling points
2. Difference in adhesion to the paper
3. Difference in solubility in the moving liquid
4. B and C

What is not a seperation method?

1. Distillation
2. Chromatography
3. Elektrolysis
4. Filtration

What type of mixture can be extracted?

1. Solution
2. Suspension
3. Emulsion
4. Mixture of solids

What difference in substance properties is adsorption based on?

1. Particle size
2. Adhesion
3. Solubility
4. Boiling point

Making tea:
What separation methods are used?

1. evaporation - filtration
2. evaporation - extraction
3. extraction - evaporation
4. extraction - filtration

Adsorption works ...

1. only with water and gas masks
2. only with water
3. with water, gas masks and fume hoods
4. only with gas masks

How do you seperate a mixture of sand and salt?

1. Decantation, filtration and evaporation
2. Extraction and filtration
3. Extraction, filtration and evaporation
4. Evaporation and filtration

Is sample 3 a pure substance or a mixture?

Is sample 3 a pure substance or a mixture?

1. Pure substance
2. Mixture