alle grammatica slides

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 1

Grammar voor toetsweek 1

Unit 1

• personal and possessive pronouns

• the verb "to be" and "to have got" (+/-/?)

• a/an

Unit 2

• plurals

• demonstrative pronouns

• present simple (+)

Grammar: pronouns

	Onderwerpsvorm	Voorwerpsvorm
Enkelvoud	I You He/she/it	Me You Him/her/it
Meervoud	We You They	Us You Them

Examples

1. I am walking to school today. Do you want to walk with me?
2. Are you walking to school? Can I walk with you? 
3. We are going to have lunch. Would you like to join us? 

Grammar: possessive pronouns

Met zelfstandig nw	Zonder zelfstandig nw
My	Mine
Your	Yours
His/her/its	His/hers/ -
Our	Ours
Your	Yours
Their	Theirs

Examples

1. Is that his pen? No, it's hers.
2. Your teacher is really nice. -Really? I'd rather have yours. 
3. We don't have maths today on our schedule. Ours says we have PE. 

To be 

I am - ik ben 

You are - jij bent 

He/she/it is - hij/zij/het is

we are - wij zijn 

You are - jullie zijn

They are - zij zijn

Examples:

1. He's a good friend.

2. We're very busy today.

3. It is cold outside.

4. I'm glad you visited.

To be 

Negation (ontkenning):

• You aren't free today/ You are not free today.
• It isn't 34 degrees outside/ It is not 34 degrees outside.
• I'm not your best friend/ I am not your best friend.

Questions: 

• Are you free today?
• Is it still 34 degrees outside?
• Am I your best friend? 

Recap 'have got'

	+	+ short	-	- short	?
I	have got	I've got	have not got	haven't got	Have I got
You (jij)	have got	you've got	have not got	haven't got	Have you got
He/she/it	has got	He's got	has not got	hasn't got	Has he got
We	have got	We've got	have not got	haven't got	Have we got
They	have got	They've got	have not got	haven't got	Have they got
You (jullie)	have got	You've got	have not got	haven't got	Have you got

recap 

Choose between: have got - has got- have not got - has not got

1. I have got a new bicycle. (+)
2. She has not got any pets at home. (-)
3. Have you got a smartphone? (?)
4. They have got three brothers and two sisters. (+)
5. He has not got a lot of homework this week. (-)
6. Has your friend got a car? (?)

a vs an 

a/an= een 

• Als de eerste letter van het volgende woord klinkt als een medeklinker (b,l,k,p,m etc) , gebruik je a

A brother, a uniform (you-ni-form), a healthy man

• Als de eerste letter van het volgende woord klinkt als een klinker (e,i,o,a,u etc), gebruik je an

An aunt, an ugly jumper, an honest (anest) man, an hour (our) 

checking: fill in either a or an

1. I saw a cat sitting on the wall.

2. She bought an orange from the market.

3. We need a new notebook for our class.

4. He is an honest person who always tells the truth.

5. Can you pass me an apple from the basket?

6. They live in a unique house near the park.

plurals (meervoud)

- s	meeste woorden eindigen met s	jumper > jumpers scissor > scissors
	woorden die eindigen met een klinker+o	video > videos
- es	woorden die eindigen met een sis klank (-s, -x, -ch)	box > boxes church > churches
	sommige woorden die eindigen met -o	tomato > tomatoes potato > potatoes
- ves	woorden die eindigen met -f(e)	life > lives scarf > scarves
	maar niet altijd	belief > beliefs roof > roofs cliff> cliffs

plurals (meervoud)

De regel is dat als een zelfstandig naamwoord eindigt op een medeklinker + ''y'', de ''y'' wordt vervangen door ''-ies'' in het meervoud.

1. baby – babies

2. city – cities

3. party – parties

4. lady – ladies

5. family – families

6. country – countries

7. story – stories

uitzonderingen

Sommige woorden zijn onregelmatig

• child > children
• man > men 
• mouse > mice 
• tooth > teeth

Sommige woorden worden alleen in het meervoud gebruikt

• glasses
• jeans

Demonstrative pronouns

• This en these gebruiken we als we het hebben over mensen/dieren/dingen die dichtbij zijn. 
• That en those gebruiken we als we het hebben over mensen/dieren/dingen die verder weg zijn.
• This en that gebruiken we voor mensen/dieren/dingen in het enkelvoud.
• These enthose gebruiken we voor mensen/dieren/dingen in het meervoud.

> I like this jumper.

> Look at that bird!

>  Those socks look funny. 

> I like these shoes. 

	dichtbij	verder weg
enkelvoud	this	that
meervoud	these	those

Checking

1. This/that is my favorite movie of all time.
2. Can you hand me those books on the table?
3. Look at those birds flying in the sky!
4. That car over there belongs to my neighbor.
5. I bought these shoes yesterday, and I love them.

Present simple

• Bij feiten > The bus leaves in two minutes. 
• Bij regelmaat/ routines > My brother goes to the gym on Sundays. 

Signaalwoorden: 

- usually

- sometimes

- often

- on weekends

- on Mondays etc. 

I ( ik)	hele werkwoord (I walk)
you (jij/ jullie)	hele werkwoord (you walk)
he/she/it (hij/zij/het)	hele werkwoord + s (she walks)
we (wij)	hele werkwoord (we walk)
they (zij)	hele werkwoord (they walk)

present simple

Bevestigende zinnen +	Ontkennende zinnen -	Vraagzinnen ?
(I, you, we, they) hele ww ( he, she, it) +hele ww+s	don't(I, you, we they)+hele ww doesn't (he, she, it) +hele ww	do (I ,you, we, they)+ hele ww does (he, she, it) +hele ww
She eat s with her friend in the morning. We bake during the weekends. Ice melt s quickly when it's warm.	She doe s n't eat with her friend in the morning. We don't bake during the weekends. Ice doe s n't melt quickly when it's warm.	Doe s she eat with her friend in de morning? Do we bake during the weekends? Doe s ice melt quickly when it's warm?

Checking

1. She doesn't like spicy food.

2. Do you play the guitar on weekends?

3. He goes to the gym every morning.

4. They don't watch television in the afternoon.

5. Blake and Mike enjoy hiking in the mountains.