Childbirth

Paragraph 5.7: Childbirth
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Paragraph 5.7: Childbirth

Slide 1 - Diapositive

Lesson goals
  • I can explain the different stages of childbirth
  • I can name several problems that can make childbirth difficult, and what measures are used to solve them

Slide 2 - Diapositive

Recap.. How did pregnancy work again?

Slide 3 - Diapositive

Recap Pregnancy
As visible in the image,
there are fetal veins and 
arteries as well as maternal
veins and arteries. These
come together in the placenta,
and will exchange nutrients 
and gases

Slide 4 - Diapositive

Recap Pregnancy
This image gives another view on how 
the foetus is positioned in the abdomen
 (belly). This is near the end of the 
pregnancy. How can you see that it's at
the end of the 
pregnancy? (next slide)

Slide 5 - Diapositive

How can you see that this child is almost ready for birth?

Slide 6 - Question ouverte

Slide 7 - Vidéo

Slide 8 - Vidéo

And then.. Childbirth
Childbirth, or labour, involves the birth of the baby (obviously).
Think for yourself: what do you expect to come out during childbirth? Note that in the next slide

Slide 9 - Diapositive

Can you name the 3 phases of child birth?

Slide 10 - Question ouverte

What comes out during childbirth?

Slide 11 - Question ouverte

Childbirth
  • Birth of the baby
  • Birth of the placenta (this includes the membranes     that held the baby, placenta and the water during the pregnancy).

Actual picture coming up on the next slide, be prepared ;)


Membranes = vliezen. We also call this the amniotic sac. This surrounds the foetus and placenta inside of the uterus. Think of it like a big balloon keeping all the water in.

Slide 12 - Diapositive

Childbirth
  • Birth of the baby
  • Birth of the placenta (this includes the membranes     that held the baby, placenta and the water during the pregnancy).




Membranes = vliezen, these surround the foetus and placenta inside of the uterus. Think of them like a big balloon.

Slide 13 - Diapositive

Slide 14 - Vidéo

Childbirth
Childbirth itself can be divided in 
several stages. During these,
the mother will go through 
different amounts of pain. This
starts slowly, but builds up during
the whole birth. Women are allowed
to take pain medication for this!

Slide 15 - Diapositive

Stage 1: dilation
  • This can take a long time (sometimes more than 24 hours!)
  • The contractions (which are just muscle cramps of the uterus) slowly start, and increase in strenght slowly. Later on they will also increase in frequency, happening more often.
  • The cervix and vagina will widen, slowly making space for the baby 
In Dutch, we call this process 'ontsluiting'

Slide 16 - Diapositive

Stage 2: expulsion
  • When the dilation phase has widened the cervix far enough, the contractions will get very powerful and rapid.
  • This is a sign for the mother to start pushing, and the baby will come out quickly.
  • This stage does not take very long, as soon as the head comes out the rest follows fast.

Slide 17 - Diapositive

Stage 3: afterbirth
  • A little while (minutes) after the expulsion phase, the placenta will be 'born'. We call this the afterbirth.
  • Again, contractions come with this. These are not as bad as the contractions of the baby's birth, of course.

Slide 18 - Diapositive

And then..?
  • When the baby is born, the umbilical cord is cut. This is because now the baby can breathe and eat/drink, so it doesn't need the nutrients via the placenta anymore.
  • The end of the umbilical cord will slowly deteriorate and fall off eventually. This then forms the belly button as we know it.
  • Fun fact: the differences in belly buttons that we have depend on the person who folds it after birth!

Slide 19 - Diapositive

And then..?
  • The uterus wil quickly shrink back to its normal size (no bigger than a hand)
  • However, the belly muscles and skin will take some more time.
  • Due to this, the mother often looks a bit pregnant for a few more weeks.

Slide 20 - Diapositive

Slide 21 - Vidéo

Difficult births
  • Normally, the baby is positioned with its head first.
  • However, sometimes the baby is on the wrong side (butt first, feet first, or even completely turned to the side).

Slide 22 - Diapositive

Slide 23 - Vidéo

Difficult births
  • Normally, the baby is positioned with its head first.
  • However, sometimes the baby is on the wrong side (butt first, feet first, or even completely turned to the side).
  • Another problem that can occur is that the umbilical cord is wrapped around the baby's throat, legs or arms
  • This could cut off oxygen supply, which is dangerous.

Slide 24 - Diapositive

How to solve that?
  • A caesarian section is the way to solve that (keizersnede)
  • This involves an operation where the surgeon opens up the uterus and takes the baby out.

Slide 25 - Diapositive

Why could a breech position be bad?
A
Its not bad its just more difficult to push out
B
Its bad because the baby can't breath anymore
C
Its bad because you'll have to get a c-section
D
Its bad because the baby will get stuck

Slide 26 - Quiz

Slide 27 - Vidéo