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Slavery - literature
to the Civil Rights movement
Slide 1 - Tekstslide
Recap - Abolitionism
Big anti- slavery movement: Abolition movement
"Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction."
4 million slaves in US
In the North no more slaves
Abraham Lincoln elected as President in 1860. (He wasn’t against slavery then!!)
Civil War in US:
South economically dependent on slaves and North wasn’t
South thought North shouldn’t intervere in their Government; number of states wanted to be independent
North wanted to be United
Many African Americans fought in Northern army
After Civil War: Abolition 1865 (13th Amendment to American Constitution)
"Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction."
Slide 2 - Tekstslide
The Civil Rights Movement (1950 - 1970)
The civil rights movement was a struggle for social justice that took place mainly during the 1950s and 1960s for blacks to gain equal rights under the law in the United States.
The Civil War had officially abolished slavery, but it didn’t end discrimination against blacks—they continued to endure the devastating effects of racism, especially in the South.
By the mid-20th century, African Americans had had more than enough of prejudice and violence against them. They, along with many whites, mobilized and began an unprecedented fight for equality that spanned two decades.
Slide 3 - Tekstslide
Slide 4 - Tekstslide
Time Line Civil Rights Movement
1868 - 14th Amendment to the Constitution gave blacks equal protection under the law.
1870 - 15th Amendment granted blacks the right to vote
Late 1900s: Jim Crow Laws
to marginalize blacks in South and separate them from whites. Blacks couldn’t use the same public facilities as whites, live in many of the same towns or go to the same schools. Interracial marriage was illegal, and most blacks couldn’t vote because they were unable to pass voter literacy tests.
1954 - Supreme Court made segregation illegal in public schools in the case of Brown v. Board of Education.
1955 - Rosa Parks
1957 - Little Rock Nine
1957 - Civil Rights Act -> federal prosecution of anyone who tried to prevent someone from voting + voting fraud commission
1960 - Woolworth's lunch counter
The entire incident was televised and became known as “Bloody Sunday.” Some activists wanted to retaliate with violence, but King pushed for nonviolent protests and eventually gained federal protection for another march.
Voting Rights Act of 1965
When President Johnson signed the Voting Rights Act into law on August 6, 1965, he took the Civil Rights Act of 1964 several steps further. The new law banned all voter literacy tests and provided federal examiners in certain voting jurisdictions.
It also allowed the attorney general to contest state and local poll taxes. As a result, poll taxes were later declared unconstitutional in Harper v. Virginia State Board of Elections in 1966.
Civil Rights Leaders Assassinated
The civil rights movement had tragic consequences for two of its leaders in the late 1960s. On February 21, 1965, former Nation of Islam leader and Organization of Afro-American Unity founder Malcolm X was assassinated at a rally.
On April 4, 1968, civil rights leader and Nobel Peace Prize recipient Martin Luther King, Jr. was assassinated on his hotel room’s balcony. Emotionally-charged looting and riots followed, putting even more pressure on the Johnson administration to push through additional civil rights laws.
Fair Housing Act of 1968
The Fair Housing Act became law on April 11, 1968, just days after King’s assassination. It prevented housing discrimination based on race, sex, national origin and religion. It was also the last legislation enacted during the civil rights era.
The civil rights movement was an empowering yet precarious time for blacks in America. The efforts of civil rights activists and countless protestors of all races brought about legislation to end segregation, black voter suppression and discriminatory employment and housing practices.
Sources
A Brief History of Jim Crow. Constitutional Rights Foundation.
Civil Rights Act of 1957. Civil Rights Digital Library.
Document for June 25th: Executive Order 8802: Prohibition of Discrimination in the Defense Industry. National Archives.
Greensboro Lunch Counter Sit-In. African American Odyssey.
Little Rock School Desegregation (1957). The Martin Luther King, Jr. Research and Education Institute Stanford.
Martin Luther King, Jr. and the Global Freedom Struggle. The Martin Luther King, Jr. Research and Education Institute Stanford.
Rosa Marie Parks Biography. Rosa and Raymond Parks.
Selma, Alabama, (Bloody Sunday March 7, 1965). BlackPast.org.
The Civil Rights Movement (1919-1960s). National Humanities Center.
The Little Rock Nine. National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior: Little Rock Central High School National Historic Site.
Turning Point: World War II. Virginia Historical Society.
PHOTO GALLERIES
Integration of Central High School
7
GALLERY
7 IMAGES
Citation Information
Article Title
Civil Rights Movement
Author
History.com Editors
Website Name
HISTORY
URL
https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/civil-rights-movement
Access Date
October 9, 2018
Publisher
A&E Television Networks
Last Updated
August 28, 2018
Original Published Date
October 27, 2009
BY HISTORY.COM EDITORS
FACT CHECK: We strive for accuracy and fairness. But if you see something that doesn't look right, contact us!
VIDEOS
Play
John Lewis - Civil Rights Leader
Play
Civil Rights Act
Play
Montgomery Bus Boycott
Play
Niagara Movement
SIGN UP FOR MORE HISTORY!
Subscribe for fascinating stories connecting the past to the present.
SIGN UP
RELATED CONTENT
Civil Rights Movement Timeline
The civil rights movement was an organized effort by black Americans to end racial discrimination and gain equal rights under the law. It began in the late 1940s and ended in the late 1960s. Although tumultuous at times, the movement was mostly nonviolent and resulted in laws to ...read more
Civil Rights Act of 1964
The Civil Rights Act of 1964, which ended segregation in public places and banned employment discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin, is considered one of the crowning legislative achievements of the civil rights movement. First proposed by ...read more
Abolitionist Movement
The abolitionist movement was a social and political push for the immediate emancipation of all slaves and the end of racial discrimination and segregation. Advocating for emancipation separated abolitionists from more moderate anti-slavery advocates, who argued for gradual ...read more
Niagara Movement
The Niagara Movement was a civil-rights group founded in 1905 near Niagara Falls. Scholar and activist W. E. B. Du Bois gathered with supporters on the Canadian side of Niagara Falls to form an organization dedicated to social and political change for African Americans. Its list ...read more
Voting Rights Act of 1965
The Voting Rights Act of 1965, signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson, aimed to overcome legal barriers at the state and local levels that prevented African Americans from exercising their right to vote as guaranteed under the 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. The ...read more
Six Unsung Heroines of the Civil Rights Movement
While their stories may not be widely known, countless dedicated, courageous women were key organizers and activists in the fight for Civil Rights. Without these women, the struggle for equality would have never been waged. “Women have been the backbone of the whole civil rights ...read more
1964
Johnson signs Civil Rights Act
On this day in 1964, U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson signs into law the historic Civil Rights Act in a nationally televised ceremony at the White House.In the landmark 1954 case Brown v. Board of Education, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that racial segregation in schools was ...read more
Labor Movement
The labor movement in the United States grew out of the need to protect the common interest of workers. For those in the industrial sector, organized labor unions fought for better wages, reasonable hours and safer working conditions. The labor movement led efforts to stop child ...read more
SEE MORE
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Slide 5 - Tekstslide
Rosa Parks - 1955
When a white man got on the bus and couldn’t find a seat in the white section at the front of the bus, the bus driver instructed Parks and three other blacks to give up their seats. Parks refused and was arrested.
As word of her arrest ignited outrage and support, Parks unwittingly became the “mother of the modern day civil rights movement.”
Parks’ courage incited the MIA to stage a boycott of the Montgomery bus system. It lasted 381 days until segregated seating was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court.
Slide 6 - Tekstslide
1963 - March on Washington -> Martin Luther King's "I have a dream" speech
1965 - Bloody Sunday -> 600 peaceful demonstrators protested the killing of a black civil rights activist by a white police officer and encourage legislation to enforce the 15th amendment. They were beaten viciously by police.
1965 - Voting Rights Act -> The new law banned all voter literacy tests and provided federal examiners
1965 - Civil Rights Leader Malcom X assassinated
1968 - Civil rights leader and Nobel Peace Prize recipient Martin Luther King, Jr. was assassinated on his hotel room’s balcony
riots & public pressure for more civil rights laws.
1968 - Fair Housing Act -> prevented housing discrimination based on race, sex, national origin and religion. The last legislation enacted during the civil rights era.
Sources
A Brief History of Jim Crow. Constitutional Rights Foundation.
Civil Rights Act of 1957. Civil Rights Digital Library.
Document for June 25th: Executive Order 8802: Prohibition of Discrimination in the Defense Industry. National Archives.
Greensboro Lunch Counter Sit-In. African American Odyssey.
Little Rock School Desegregation (1957). The Martin Luther King, Jr. Research and Education Institute Stanford.
Martin Luther King, Jr. and the Global Freedom Struggle. The Martin Luther King, Jr. Research and Education Institute Stanford.
Rosa Marie Parks Biography. Rosa and Raymond Parks.
Selma, Alabama, (Bloody Sunday March 7, 1965). BlackPast.org.
The Civil Rights Movement (1919-1960s). National Humanities Center.
The Little Rock Nine. National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior: Little Rock Central High School National Historic Site.
Turning Point: World War II. Virginia Historical Society.
PHOTO GALLERIES
Integration of Central High School
7
GALLERY
7 IMAGES
Citation Information
Article Title
Civil Rights Movement
Author
History.com Editors
Website Name
HISTORY
URL
https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/civil-rights-movement
Access Date
October 9, 2018
Publisher
A&E Television Networks
Last Updated
August 28, 2018
Original Published Date
October 27, 2009
BY HISTORY.COM EDITORS
FACT CHECK: We strive for accuracy and fairness. But if you see something that doesn't look right, contact us!
VIDEOS
Play
John Lewis - Civil Rights Leader
Play
Civil Rights Act
Play
Montgomery Bus Boycott
Play
Niagara Movement
SIGN UP FOR MORE HISTORY!
Subscribe for fascinating stories connecting the past to the present.
SIGN UP
RELATED CONTENT
Civil Rights Movement Timeline
The civil rights movement was an organized effort by black Americans to end racial discrimination and gain equal rights under the law. It began in the late 1940s and ended in the late 1960s. Although tumultuous at times, the movement was mostly nonviolent and resulted in laws to ...read more
Civil Rights Act of 1964
The Civil Rights Act of 1964, which ended segregation in public places and banned employment discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin, is considered one of the crowning legislative achievements of the civil rights movement. First proposed by ...read more
Abolitionist Movement
The abolitionist movement was a social and political push for the immediate emancipation of all slaves and the end of racial discrimination and segregation. Advocating for emancipation separated abolitionists from more moderate anti-slavery advocates, who argued for gradual ...read more
Niagara Movement
The Niagara Movement was a civil-rights group founded in 1905 near Niagara Falls. Scholar and activist W. E. B. Du Bois gathered with supporters on the Canadian side of Niagara Falls to form an organization dedicated to social and political change for African Americans. Its list ...read more
Voting Rights Act of 1965
The Voting Rights Act of 1965, signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson, aimed to overcome legal barriers at the state and local levels that prevented African Americans from exercising their right to vote as guaranteed under the 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. The ...read more
Six Unsung Heroines of the Civil Rights Movement
While their stories may not be widely known, countless dedicated, courageous women were key organizers and activists in the fight for Civil Rights. Without these women, the struggle for equality would have never been waged. “Women have been the backbone of the whole civil rights ...read more
1964
Johnson signs Civil Rights Act
On this day in 1964, U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson signs into law the historic Civil Rights Act in a nationally televised ceremony at the White House.In the landmark 1954 case Brown v. Board of Education, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that racial segregation in schools was ...read more
Labor Movement
The labor movement in the United States grew out of the need to protect the common interest of workers. For those in the industrial sector, organized labor unions fought for better wages, reasonable hours and safer working conditions. The labor movement led efforts to stop child ...read more
SEE MORE
Ad Choices
Advertise
Closed Captioning
Copyright Policy
Corporate Information
Employment Opportunities
FAQ/Contact Us
Privacy Notice
Terms of Use
TV Parental Guidelines
RSS Feeds
© 2018 A&E Television Networks, LLC. All Rights Reserved.
Slide 7 - Tekstslide
Slide 8 - Video
Slide 9 - Video
Slide 10 - Tekstslide
Slide 11 - Video
Literature Civil Rights movement
- The Help (set in 1960s)
- Go Set a Watchman (set in 1960s)
- To Kill a Mockingbird (set in 1936)
