Past simple vs Present perfect

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 3

Past simple + Present perfect

Lesson goal: At the end of this lesson you know how the past simple and present perfect are formed.

Also, you learn when to use a past simple and when to use a present perfect in a sentence.  

Testweek 2:

Vocabulary and Phrases Unit 5

5.1 past simple <> present perfect

5.4 ‘if’- zinnen

5.5 conjunctions

6.2 past perfect continuous

6.3 word order

6.6 must/have to/ should/ought to

Past simple in affirmative sentences

Look at the following sentences. Do you recognize the past simple?

- I was in London last year. (be)

- We saw this film last night. (see)

- They bought the same dress yesterday. (buy)

- I worked really hard last year (work)

Past simple (questions)

Look at the following sentences. Can you recognize the past simple?

- Was I in London last year? (be)

- Did we see this film last night ?(see)

- Did they buy the same dress yesterday? (buy)

- Did I work hard last year? (work)

Past simple (negations)

Look at the following negations. 

- I wasn't in London last year. (be)

- We didn't see this film last night. (see)

- They didn't buy the same dress yesterday. (buy)

- I didn't work hard last year (work)

Samenvattend

Bij bevestigende zinnen krijgt de stam -ed of is het een onregelmatig werkwoord

Bij ontkennende zinnen komt "didn't" erbij en de stam blijft hetzelfde

Bij vragende zinnen begin je met "did" en de stam blijft hetzelfde

Met het werkwoord "to be" hoef je de bovenste regels niet te volgen en

          alleen "was/were/wasn't/weren't" te gebruiken.

When do you use a past simple?

Je gebruikt de past simple om te zeggen dat iets in het verleden is gebeurd en nu is afgelopen.

Vaak staat er een tijdsbepalingg in de zin zoals yesterday, last year, in 1980, when I was a child etc.

Examples:

• It happened in 1870.

• He saw her last week

• We first met a year ago.

Present perfect in affirmative sentences

- My father has lived in Rome for two years. (live)

- I have been in New York for a week. (be)

- They have known each other since 2013. (know)

Present perfect (negations)

- My father has not (hasn't) lived in Rome for two years. (live)

- I have  not (haven't) been in New York for a week. (be)

- They have not (haven't) known each other since 2013. (know)

Present perfect (questions)

- Has my father lived in Rome for two years? (live)

- Have I  been in New York for a week? (be)

- Have they known each other since 2013? (know)

Hopelijk viel je het volgende op...

• Er komt have (I, you, we, they) of has (he,she, it) in voor.
• De  stam krijgt  -ed of verandert in
            de 3de vorm
• Bij ontkennende zinnen komt not  achter has/have
• Bij vraagzinnen komt has/have vooraan in de zin. 
   
            
        

When do you use a present perfect? 

- Je gebruikt de present perfect om te zeggen dat iets in het verleden is begonnen en nu nog aan de gang is.

I have lived in Groningen since 1998

- Om te praten over ervaringen en over gebeurtenissen waarvan je nu het resultaat merkt.

I can't find my keys. I have lost them. 

Look! She has broken her leg.

So far, I haven’t heard from him.

I have never been to London.

Signaalwoorden present perfect

Belangrijke signaalwoorden om uit je hoofd te leren;

- since, for, just, ever, never, yet, already, so far, up till know, (for)how long, lately?

• How long have you been here?

• Have you read any good books lately?

• He has never had a date with her.

• So far, I haven’t heard from him.

Fill in past simple or present perfect.
Jack .........(finish) work an hour ago.

I ..................(be) a teacher since 2010.

Work :)

Opdr. 6 unit 5.1 blz 9

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Some policemen (catch) the criminals two days ago.

Look! He ----------(find) a wallet in the street.

Ik begrijp wat het verschil is tussen de past simple en de present perfect

1. Ja, helemaal
2. Ja, een beetje
3. Nee, ik heb nog uitleg nodig