Lecture 2 The origin of a conflict

• Aardrijkskunde
• Middelbare school
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• Leerjaar 3

2 Origin of a conflict

Today

• repetition
• goals
•  assignment 

Goals:

• You understand the causes of conflicts.
  
•  You understand the connection between the outbreak of conflicts, the establishment of peace and the role of government.
  
•  In a conflict, you can distinguish and weigh up the different parties and their points of view.

3 different causes 

1) Economic

2) Cultural & demographic 

3) Political

Economic causes

1. Economic 

Natural resources

Inhospitable areas are sometimes rich in raw materials, but do not benefit from this. This is also called the paradox of abundance or resource curse.

In areas where there is a paradox of abundance, the risk of conflict is high.

Transportation -> areas uninhabitable

2. Cultural en demographic causes

Subordination ( onderdrukking)

 example between Muslim Sunnis and Shiites

It is often not the cultural differences that cause a conflict, but.....

• Unfair distribution of power 
• Feeling deprived
  
• Poverty   

-> youth bulge ( large proportion  of the population between the age of 15-29 years old)

Video's 

https://schooltv.nl/video-item/nieuwsuur-in-de-klas-oekraine-het-ontstaan-van-het-conflict

https://schooltv.nl/video-item/het-conflict-tussen-saoedi-arabie-en-iran-oorlog-buiten-hun-eigen-grondgebied

Demografic causes

Youth bulge "A large proportion of 15-29 year olds in the population."

Educated, young population creates extra unrest..

Political  causes 

(political cause)

Role of the government

In conflict areas, dictatorship (= the power in a country with a person or group) is often present, such as in North Korea and Iran.

Sometimes there is also a fragile state, a very weak state, such as the Central African Republic. In these countries, the government has little control and there is a lot of corruption and economic chaos.

Gouden regels voor vrede

Vrede is (helaas) niet vanzelfsprekend. Er moet een goede balans zijn tussen vrijheden en regels in een land. Over het algemeen hebben landen waar vrede voorkomt soortgelijke regels en/of afspraken.
Deze 'gouden regels voor vrede' zijn de regels die de vrede bevorderen, danwel goed worden nageleefd.

fragilestatesindex.org