YR3-CH10-HW16

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 2

 HWLESSON 16

CHAPTER 10

Immunisation and immune disorders

Learning goals:

• I can explain what the concept of immunization means
• I understand and I can explain the various forms of immunization
• I can explain what the consequences are of a not properly functioning immune system

KEY WORDS:

• immunization
• active / passive / natural / artificial
• serum
• blood groups
• allergic reaction

Read TB - P. 149-150 before watching the videos.

LESSON 16

The following slides will be discussed during lesson 16

Immunisation and immune disorders

Immunization

The action and process of making someone immune

4 categories of immunization

Passive immunization

a way of immunization in which NO memory cells are formed because the adaptive immune system remained passive

advantage: immunity is obtained almost immediately

drawback: immunity is only for the short term

Active immunization

a way of immunization in which memory cells are formed because the adaptive immune system was activated

advantage: immunity is long-lasting

drawback: it takes time before immunity is obtained

Natural vs artificial immunization

natural immunization

the way someone encountered the immunizing agent occured in a natural fashion 

artificial immunization

the way someone encountered the immunizing agent occured in a artificial fashion 

active 

passive 

natural 

artificial

Drag the example to the correct spot in the table

getting infected with the flu-virus

an unborn child receiving mommy's antibodies 

getting your annual COVID-19 shot

receiving an antidote against a snake-bite 

ACTIVE IMMUNISATION           PASSIVE IMMUNISATION

WHO PRODUCES THE ANTIBODIES?

Get the disease

- Make your own antibodies

--Make long term memory cells

Vaccination/immunisation

- Make your own antibodies

--Make long term memory cells

Placenta or breastfeeding

- Mother makes antibodies

--No long term memory cells

Serum (blood plasma containing antibodies)

- Antibodies from serum

--No long term memory cell

artificial

natural

Donors and recipients

Allergic reaction

• Exaggerated response against an otherwise harmless antigen (allergen)
• Common allergens: pollen, mites, nuts, shellfish etc.
• Antibodies against allergens bind to 'mast cells' (certain type of white blood cell)
• Histamine is released from mast cells
• Histamine causes all complaints linked to allergic reaction
• redness, production mucus, swelling etc

Allergic reaction

• Exaggerated response against an otherwise harmless antigen (allergen)
• Common allergens: pollen, mites, nuts, shellfish etc.