Past Simple vs Past Perfect

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 4

Past Simple vs Past Perfect

Grammar

Leerdoelen

1. Ik snap het verschil tussen de past simple en past perfect.
   
   
2. Ik kan uit een zin halen wanneer ik de past simple of past perfect moet gebruiken.
   
   
3. Ik kan praten over gebeurtenissen die voor een andere gebeurtenis in het verleden plaatsvonden.

Kies de juiste vormen:
When we ___ (arrive) the train ___ (already - leave).

1. arrived, already left
2. arrived, had already left
3. had arrived, already left
4. had arrived, had already left

Kies de juiste vormen:
Dad ___ (enter) my room and saw I ___ (clean) it.

1. entered, cleaned
2. entered, had cleaned
3. had entered, cleaned
4. had entered, had cleaned

Kies de juiste vormen:
I ___ (not - see) that movie before we ___ (watch) it yesterday.

1. didn't see, watched
2. didn't see, had watched
3. hadn't seen, watched
4. hadn't seen, had watched

Kies de juiste vormen:
She ___ (fail) the test because she ___ (not - learn) hard enough.

1. failed, didn't learn
2. failed, hadn't learned
3. had failed, didn't learn
4. had failed, hadn't learned

Kies de juiste vormen:
It ___ (rain) the night before because the grass ___ (be) wet.

1. rained, was
2. rained, had been
3. had rained, was
4. had rained, had been

Kies de juiste vormen:
After he ___ (eat) a pound of chips he ___ (eat) 5 hotdogs.

1. ate, ate
2. ate, had eaten
3. had eaten, ate
4. had eaten, had eaten

Snap je dit onderdeel?

Ga verder met je weektaak (zie de werkwijzer op It's Learning)

Wat weten jullie nog van de past simple?

Wat weten jullie nog van de past perfect?

2 verschillende tijden

• Allebei verleden tijd
  
  
• Gebruiken we om volgorde van gebeurtenissen aan te geven

Wat gaan we bekijken?

• Het verschil tussen past simple en past perfect
  
  
• Hoe je kunt herkennen wanneer je welke moet gebruiken

Eerste

Tweede

Eerste of tweede gebeurtenis in de zin?

The lesson had already started when I arrived.

When got the park I found out I had lost my keys.

She told me that she had worked in Germany.

When she had painted the kitchen, she decided to sleep.

After I had finished the report, I saw that it was imperfect.

She could not find the book which I had lent her.

had already started

arrived

got

had lost

told

had worked

had painted

decided

had finished

saw

could not find

had lent

Past Simple vs Past Perfect

Geven volgorde van gebeurtenissen aan:

The days became colder after it had snowed.

The car broke down because she had not checked the oil.

Eerste gebeurtenis

Tweede gebeurtenis

Past Simple vs Past Perfect

Op een 'tijdlijn' ziet het er als volgt uit:

The days became colder after it had snowed.

The car broke down because she had not checked the oil.

                                   had snowed                                                        became

    |---------------------------|----------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------|

toen                                                                                                                                                                                                         nu

                                 had not checked                                              broke down

    |---------------------------|----------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------|

toen                                                                                                                                                                                                         nu

Past Simple vs Past Perfect

Let op: soms gebeuren dingen tegelijk of snel achter elkaar.

When I got off the bike I saw that one of my tires had lost air.

Eerste gebeurtenis

Tweede gebeurtenis
(relatief tegelijkertijd) 

                                   had lost                                                                  got off     saw

    |---------------------------|----------------------------------------------------|----------|---------------------------------------------------|

toen                                                                                                                                                                                                         nu

Ik snap wanneer ik de past simple of de past perfect moet gebruiken.

Ja

Nog niet helemaal, maar heb geen hulp nodig.

Nog niet helemaal en wil graag hulp.

Ik snap er helemaal niets van.

Welke tijden moet je hier gebruiken?
I ___ (wait) for hours, but nobody ___ (come).

1. wait: past simple come: past perfect
2. wait: past perfect come: past simple

Welke tijden moet je hier gebruiken?
Mom once ___ (paint) a picture, even though she ___ (never - do) it before.

1. paint: past simple do: past perfect
2. paint: past perfect do: past simple

Welke tijden moet je hier gebruiken?
The band ___ (start) playing when we ___ (arrive).

1. start: past simple arrive: past perfect
2. start: past perfect arrive: past simple

Welke tijden moet je hier gebruiken?
Alan ___ (watch) TV after he ___ (have) lunch.

1. watch: past simple have: past perfect
2. watch: past perfect have: past simple

Welke tijden moet je hier gebruiken?
After the game ___ (finish), they ___ (take) a shower.

1. finish: past simple take: past perfect
2. finish: past perfect take: past simple

Ik kan uit een zin halen wanneer ik de past simple of past continuous moet gebruiken.

Ja

Nog niet helemaal, maar heb geen hulp nodig.

Nog niet helemaal en wil graag hulp.

Ik snap er helemaal niets van.

Past Simple:

Bekijk de voorbeelden en probeer regels te verzinnen:

Hoe zet je het werkwoord in de juiste vorm?

Kijk naar de werkwoorden. Wat valt op? Wat komt vaker terug?

Bevestigende zin:

I cleaned my room.

She liked school.

It snowed yesterday.

We drove home.

Mary gave me her address.

I told him a lie.

Ontkennende zin:

I didn't clean my room.

She did not like school.

It did not snow yesterday.

We didn't drive home.

Mary did not give me her address.

I didn't tell him a lie.

Vragen:

Did you clean your room?
Did she like school?

Did it snow yesterday?

Did you drive home?

Did Mary give you her address?

Did you tell him a lie?

De juiste vormen (past simple)

• Bevestiging
  onderwerp + hele werkwoord + (e)d / onregelmatig werkwoord (2e rijtje) 

• Ontkenning
  onderwerp + did not (didn't) + hele werkwoord

• Vragen
  did + onderwerp + hele werkwoord

2e rijtje

1 gemene uitzondering (to be)

• Bevestiging

onderwerp + was / were

• Ontkenning

onderwerp + was not / were not

• Vragen

was not / were not + onderwerp

Let op de spelling bij regelmatige werkwoorden!

• study > studied
• party > partied
• copy > copied
• empty > emptied

Past Perfect:

Bekijk de voorbeelden en probeer regels te verzinnen:

Hoe zet je het werkwoord in de juiste vorm?

Kijk naar de werkwoorden. Wat valt op? Wat komt vaker terug?

Bevestigende zin:

She had passed her exam.

They had danced all night.

We had already started.

Mike had eaten too much.

I had read a book.

We had lost our way.

Vragen:

Had she passed her exam?

Had they danced all night?

Had you already started?

Had Mike eaten too much?

Had you read a book?

Had you lost your way?

Ontkennende zin:

She had not passed her exam.

They hadn't danced all night.

We hadn't started yet.

Mike had not eaten too much

I hadn't read a book.

We had not lost our way.

De juiste vormen (past perfect)

• Bevestiging
  onderwerp + had + hele werkwoord + (e)d / onregelmatig werkwoord (3e rijtje) 

• Ontkenning
  onderwerp + had not (hadn't) + hele werkwoord + (e)d / onregelmatig werkwoord (3e rijtje) 

• Vragen
  had + onderwerp + hele werkwoord / onregelmatig werkwoord (3e rijtje)

Pas op bij onregelmatige werkwoorden!

Soms zijn de vormen (2e & 3e rijtje hetzelfde, maar niet altijd!)

Past Perfect (3e rijtje):

We had watched that movie.

They had danced all night.

Hank had seen her.

William had beaten me.

Past Simple (2e rijtje):

I watched that movie yesterday.

We danced all night last week.

Hank saw her last night.

William beat me in last week's match.

Let op!

Vul bij de volgende vragen geen verkorte vormen in
dus geen didn't, maar did not

Zet het werkwoord in de juiste vorm:
I ___ (wait) for hours, but nobody came.

Zet het werkwoord in de juiste vorm:
Mike told me he ___ (not - go) to bed early the night before.

Zet het werkwoord in de juiste vorm:
I came in the bathroom and saw Mum ___ (clean) it.

Zet het werkwoord in de juiste vorm:
They found out the old man ___ (die) in his sleep.

Zet het werkwoord in de juiste vorm:
Mum asked my why I ___ (not - tidy) up my room.

Zet het werkwoord in de juiste vorm:
She ___ (talk) to Mike, so he already knew everything.

Zet het werkwoord in de juiste vorm:
I asked my teacher how many books he ___ (read).

Zet het werkwoord in de juiste vorm:
He had worked in the garden when the accident ___ (happen).

1 stapje moeilijker:

1. I ___ (not tell) my teacher that Dad ___ (help) me with my homework.
2. Uncle David ___ (go) the doctor after he ___ (be) ill for weeks.
3. The thief ___ (steal) two expensive watches before the police ___ (catch) him.
4. I ___ (be) very cross when I ___ (find out) my sister ___ (eat) my candy.
5. It ___ (be) Michelle who ___ (give) me that tip.
6. He ___ (hide) the money before the police ___ (to be able) to interrogate him.
7. We ___ (know) where she ___ (be) when she ___ (enter) the room.
8. When I ___ (enter) the house I ___ (realise) I ___ (leave) my bag in the taxi.

Tip

Denk aan de volgorde van de gebeurtenissen.

Antwoorden

1. didn't tell, had helped
2. went, had been
3. had stolen, caught
4. was, found out, had eaten
5. was, had given
6. had hidden, was able
7. knew, had been, entered
8. entered, realised, had left

Ik kan de past simple en past perfect op de juiste manier in een zin toepassen.

Ja

Nog niet helemaal, maar heb geen hulp nodig.

Nog niet helemaal en wil graag hulp.

Ik snap er helemaal niets van.