YR2_T2_LSN4

• Science
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 2

Get ready

• Your Macbook (join the LessonUp)
• Your notebook.
• Your textbook.
• Pen & highlighter

YR2_T2_LSN4

Topic 2.4 Circuits

Plan for today:

• Explanation T2.4 Circuits
  
• Make homework 
  

Learning goals

I can…

• explain the basic components necessary for building a simple circuit.
• draw circuit diagrams by using the circuit symbols.
• explain the advantages and disadvantages of a series circuit.
• calculate the current or voltage at various points in a series circuit.
• explain the advantages and disadvantages of a parallel circuit
• calculate the current or voltage at various points in a parallel circuit
• use an ammeter or voltmeter to properly measure the current or voltage at a certain point in a circuit.

Key words

• wire
• power source
• batteries
• switch
• lamp
• bell
• Volt meter
• Ammeter

• motor
• LED
• series circuit
• parallel circuit
• consumption

Basic circuit

Copper wire connects the voltage source to the device and back again. When the switch is closed the electricity can flow through the wire and light the bulb.

Drawing a circuit

These symbols make drawing circuits easier

Circuits - Series

• All components are in the same loop, end to end.
• There is only one direction in which the current can flow.
• The same current throughout the entire circuit.
• The voltage is shared by all components within the circuit.

Circuits - Series

Every ammeter will show the same value.

The voltage is shared by all components.

What happens to the voltage when there are more components in a series circuit?

1. every component gets the same voltage
2. one component gets all of the voltage
3. The voltage is shared by all components
4. this won't work

Circuits - Parallel

• Multiple loops or paths for the current to flow through.
• The current is divided over every pathway.
• The voltage is the same for all components.

Circuits - Parallel

The voltage is the same for all components, 

the current is divided.

The current only divides equally if components are the same.

voltage is the same for all components

current is the same throughout circuit

Series

Parallel

Still works if one lamp is broken

If you connect batteries this way, you can add their voltages

Measuring current

Ammeter:  is used to measure the current 

The current is measured in amps (A) 

The ammeter has to be connected in series with the device.

Measuring voltage

Voltmeter: is used to measure the voltage

The voltage is measured in volts (V)

The voltmeter has to be connected in parallel to the device.

Homework

• Complete the exercise of Topic 2.4 (p.82-87)
• Study the glossary of Topic 2.4 on StudyGo.
• Labjournal Skills 8 series vs parallel circuit