3.5 Greek Conflict

• History
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 1

AGE 2. The Time of Greeks and Romans

3.5 Greek Conflict

What is this lesson about?

The Greeks made war a lot. For this, they relied on hoplites. Apart from local conflicts, like the Peloponnesian Wars, there was also the conflict with Persia. This ended with Alexander the Great who conquered the East.

What you can explain /  do after this lesson

• why a conflict arose between the Persian East and the European Greeks
• who Alexander the Great was
• recognise a bias or prejudice
• organise Greek history into different ages
• recognise and name the most important Greek military unit, the phalanx
• explain how Greek culture spread beyond Greece

Word Duty

Bias: predetermined way of looking at something

Delian league: alliance led by Athens, based on naval power

Stalemate: a situation when nobody can make a winning move

Alexander the Great: Macedonian king who defeated and conquered the Persian Empire

Hellenistic period: period in which Greek culture was spread far beyond Greece, with much attention to arts and sciences

Link to WRTS wordlist for all the other difficult words: WRTS HISTORY

KEY WORDS

While you are reading the texts in your textbook, you can come back to this slide and look at the maps. You can click to enlarge them.

1a. Read "Causes of the Persian Wars".

What is the Ionian Coast? Find out and drag the name to the correct place in the map.

Ionian Coast

1b. The Ionian coast is in today's:

1. Turkey
2. Italy
3. Macedonia
4. Greece

1c. Which statement is correct?

I. The city states on the Ionian coast were Greek colonies.
II. The city states on the Ionian coast were under Persian rule.

1. both are correct
2. both are incorrect
3. only I is correct
4. only II is correct

1d. Which statement is correct?

I. Greek colonies in Asia Minor rebelled against Persian rule
II. Greek colonies asked Athens to help the Persians against the Ionian cities

1. both are correct
2. both are incorrect
3. only I is correct
4. only II is correct

1e.
King Darius was on his way to conquer Thrace.
Find out which modern country used to be Thrace

1. Albania
2. Bulgaria
3. Macedonia
4. Slovenia

2a. Why did the Athenians get involved in the Ionian rebellion?

2b. What were the effects of the Ionian Rebellion?
Identify effects on the Ionian coast and the Greeks back in Greece.

3a. How did the Persians respond to their defeat at Marathon?

3b. Why is a modern marathon exactly 42,195 kilometers?

4. Read The Persian Empire

Which 3 major cities were in the Persian Empire?

5a. Give an example if a modern bias.

(look up the word if you don't know its meaning)

5b. What were the biasses Greeks and Persians had against each other?

6. Read "The Second Persian War (480-479 BC)".
What were the effects of the Second Persian War on Athens and on Sparta ?

7a. Read "The Peloponnesian Wars".

What is a League?

1. a war
2. an alliance
3. a country
4. a religion

7b. Read "The Peloponnesian Wars".

What is a navy?

1. an army of foot soldiers
2. an army of soldiers on horses
3. a fleet of warships
4. an army of slaves

7c. Read "The Peloponnesian Wars".

The Peloponnesian Wars were wars between:

1. Athens and Sparta
2. Greeks and Persians
3. Athens and the Delians
4. Sparta and Corinth

7d. Does it seem strange to you that Athens and Sparta came to fight each other? Explain why (not).

7e. What was Athens trying to achieve with the league they had formed?

8a. Read the source
What did the Spartans offer as peace terms?

8b. Read the source
Why did they specifically talk about the
walls and ships?

8c. Read the source
So what would the effects have been for
Athens if they had accepted the terms?
Use a quote from the source.

9a. At the end of the war Athens only minted
fourrees. A fourree is a copper coin,
covered in a thin layer of silver to make it
look like silver.
Why did the Athenians only mint fourrees?

9b. What do you think happened to the
value of Athenian money when
they started to create fourrees?

10a. Sparta shut down the silver mines.
What were the effects for Athens?

10b. Could you say that shutting down
the silver mines was a winning
move for Athens? Explain.

9. Put the dates and events in chronological order and complete the timeline

457 BC 

480 BC

421 BC

499 BC 

404 BC

492 BC

431 BC 

Peloponnesian Wars

First “peace” of Peloponnesian War

1st Persian War

2nd Persian War

Athens started trying to steal Spartan allies

Battle of Marathon

Athens surrenders

Battle at Thermopylae

Start of Peloponnesian war

Ionian rebellion

What did you find difficult or did not understand in this lesson?
Write down what you like to be explained by your teacher?

congratulations