Modal Verbs

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 4

RULES!

* You can't conjugate modals

* Always followed by infinitive

* Add NOT to say the opposite or make the negative

David ... meet you outside the coffeeshop.

1. will
2. would
3. shall

I ... contact you again tomorrow.

1. can
2. must
3. shall

Permission 

Possibility

Probability

Obligation

can

could

may

Toestemming

Mogelijkheid

Waarschijnlijkheid

might

will

would

Verplichting

should

must

ought to

Ex. 1 - How good are you now?

Choose between:

must (not)

have to / has to

    do not have to / does not have to

* Only type the modals

* Do not use contracted forms!

I __ visit my friend. It's her birthday.

Sam __ wear a uniform at school.

You __ go to the supermarket. I'll do it.

You __ swim in this part of the river. It is very dangerous.

You __ drink a lot of water when it's warm.

Exercise 2

Rewrite the sentence using the given words

- Use the verbs correctly

- Mind the negatives and questions

- Do not use contracted forms

You are not allowed to talk during the test. (must not)

It isn't necessary to bring food.
(have to)

I am obliged to finish this letter before midday. (have to)

You are not allowed to leave the classroom without permission. (must not)

It is not necessary to pay for the tickets. (have to)

I think I understand how to use
modal auxiliary verbs.

1. Strongly agree.
2. Agree.
3. Disagree.
4. Strongly disagree.

Let's practice!

3 drag and drop questions

Can / could

Shall / Should

May

Will / would

Might

must

to talk about a skill or ability

For obligation

to ask for and give permission (or not)

to talk about habits or things we usually do, or did

To talk about a possible future event

To talk about a certain event in the future 

For advice

I think you ___ respect the elderly.

1. should
2. should not
3. have to

I .......... study tonight, otherwise, I'll fail my test tomorrow!

1. Have to
2. Should

You really ....... go to sleep, you look tired.

1. Must
2. Ought to

You ….. check out this new online magazine.

1. ought to
2. have to
3. should

Past modal questions:
They ______ her bike. That was mean

1. shouldn't have stolen
2. didn't have to steal

We _______ at home during these awful Corona weeks.

1. should have stayed
2. had to stay

I _________ more for that exam. I completely failed.

1. ought to have studied
2. shouldn't have studied

I can use past modals to talk about situations that happened in the past.

Yes

No

Almost