Y3 unit 5/6 - lesson 3 relative clauses

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 3

Unit 5

Relative Clauses

What is the last thing you have watched on Netflix/Disney+/etc.?

Learning goals

At the end of the lesson you can...

• use who, whose, which, where, that correctly.

• identify when a sentence is defining or non-defining.

Relative clauses

We use relative clauses to join sentences and/or to give more information. 

(that, which, who, whose, where)

Defining vs non-defining

Defining clause: contains essential information 

The woman who used to babysit for us has just got married.
(If we leave out 'the relative clause, we don't know which woman we're talking about)

Non-defining clause: gives us extra information (not essential)

Our former babysitter, who just got married last year, has just had her first child. 

Defining clauses

• NO commas are required at the beginning or end of the relative clauses
• We use 'who' for people and 'which' for things. We can use 'that' for people and things.
• The relative clause can come after the subject or object.

Examples:

It's not the kind of novel which/that appeals to me.

I know a boy whose father is a professional diver.

Defining clauses

The relative pronoun is the subject

That camera which/that costs $100 is over there.

The relative pronoun is the object 

I bought a camera which/that cost $100.

She has a son who/that is a doctor.

Non-Defining clauses

- 'that' cannot be used. we use 'who' for people and 'which' for things

-  the relative pronoun cannot be omitted.

- commas are required at the beginning and the end of the relative clause (except when the end of a relative clause is also the end of the sentence.

Example: His first novel, which was largely autobiographical, became an overnight success. (His first novel, was largely autobiographical, became an overnight success)

Non-defining clause

More examples:

Alan Smith, whose father is a professional driver, is the only boy in our class who can't even swim.

My boss, who is very nice, lives in Edinburgh.

Last week I bought a new computer, which I don't like anymore.

'Which' is used in non-defining relative clauses to refer to a whole clause:

He works 12 hours a day, which must be very tiring.

Quiz - Part 1

Relative clauses

1. See there, that's the place ______ I used to work.

1. when
2. whose
3. where

1. See there, that's the place where I used to work.

You need a relative pronoun that refers to a place.

2. The cake, ________ looked fantastic, got to your mum in time for her birthday.

1. that
2. which
3. no relative pronoun needed

2. The cake, which looked fantastic, got to your mum in time for her birthday.

As it's a non-defining relative clause we use 'which'.

4. Isn't this the restaurant ________ someone got food poisoning?

1. Where
2. when
3. where

5. Isn't this the restaurant where someone got food poisoning?

'Where' refers to a place, in this sentence, the restaurant.

5. My brother, ________ lives in Thailand, has just got married.

1. that
2. where
3. who

5. My brother, who lives in Thailand, has just got married. 

'Who' refers to a person.

Quiz part 2

Type the entire sentence with the missing relative clause filled in.

Add commas where needed.

I talked to the girl __ car had broken down in front of the shop.

Mr Richards __ is a taxi driver lives on the corner.

I live in a house in Norwich __ is in East Anglia.

This is the girl __ comes from Spain.

That's Peter the boy __ has just arrived at the airport

Thank you very much for your e-mail __was very interesting.

The man __ father is a professor forgot his umbrella.

The children __ shouted in the street are not from our school.

The car __ driver is a young man is from Ireland.

What did you do with the money __ your mother lent you?

Quiz part 3

Combine the two sentences into one.

Do not use that

Leave out the relative pronoun where possible

1) The doctor was sick (I wanted to see the doctor)

2) The accountant was arrested (the accountant works for my father's company)

3) I wrote to the friend (you met the friend last week)

4) The mobile phone can't be fixed (the mobile phone is broken)

5) John made a copy of the photo (I took the photo)

6) I met a girl (the girl was a doctor)

7) We called a doctor (the doctor works at a hospital in London)

How did it go?

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