QUIZ DISCUSSION - VWO

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• Leerjaar 3

QUIZ DISCUSSION : VWO

CHAPTER 10 & 1 1 - TESTWEEK QUIZ

LESSONS 1-7

TOTAL: 38 POINTS

True or False

1p  -  1.    -  A red nose is a symptom for the common cold.

1p  -  2.   -  Pregnant woman are not allowed pasteurised milk.

1p  -  3.   -  Pathogens are organisms that cause bacterial infections.

1p  -  4.   -  Salmonella is caused by bacteria and causes food poisoning.

1p  -  5.   -  Viruses multiply by sexual reproduction so a virus can be eradicated  (uitgeroeid) by killing all male viruses.

Article immune system

‘The immune system is the body’s defence force. It protects against infections which

might enter the body. The potential invaders include bacteria and viruses. The two basic defences are cells and chemicals. The best known action of defence cells is the ingesting and killing off microbes. The best known chemical defence is the antibodies - proteins specially made to match with the surface of an invading microbe. Once covered with antibodies, the microbe becomes easier to destroy. So how do the invaders ever win?

Part of the answer is that the chemical defenders take some time to become effective. When the body is infected for the first time by a particular microbe, there is a race between the multiplying microbes and the multiplying cells producing the antibodies. Given time, the body usually wins; eventually enough antibodies are formed to overcome the invaders. But if the initial invasion force is large, or the immune system is weak, the battle may be lost.'

1p   -  6.   What triggers our body’s immune system?

A antigens

B foreign antigens

C antibodies

D foreign antibodies

1p   -  7.   Which immune cells are spoken of in the following segment? “The best known action of defence cells is the ingesting and killing off microbes.” 

A T- helper cells

B T- killer cells

C B- cells

D Phagocytes

1p   -  8.  Which immune cells are spoken of in the following segment? “the multiplying cells producing

the antibodies.” 

A B-cells

B plasma cells

C memory cells

1p   -  9.  Which cells are our absolute final defence in case all else fails?

A T- helper cells

B T- killer cells

C B- cells

D Phagocytes

1p  - 10.  Which cells activate the cells that produce the antibodies?

A T- helper cells

B T- killer cells

C Phagocytes

D B- cells

Basics pathogens

Question 11 - 4 points

image A      -     fungus

image B      -     virus

Image C      -     bacterium

Image D      -     parasite

EXTRA         -      worms

IMAGE

Question 12 - 4 points

image A      -     Can be multicellular and unicellular

image B      -     Use our own mitoses to reproduce.

Image C      -     Can reproduce .... ideal circumstances

Image D      -     Are multicellular.

EXTRA         -      You can get them from dirty toilet seats.

IMAGE

Question 13 - 4 points

image A      -     ringworm

image B      -     HIV

Image C      -     E-coli

Image D      -     tapeworms

IMAGE

Case study

Tim has prepared a special meal for his family. He cut the chicken into small pieces and made sure that the chicken was cooked properly (by cutting it again when it was cooked to double check), he then made a salad to go with the chicken. The next day several people are sick. The following questions will be about this case study.

1p   -  14.  Which pathogen has most likeley made the people sick?

A e-coli

B ebola

C salmonella

D legionella

4p - 15. Explain in details and steps how you think the people could have gotten sick.

1 pnt: answer must contain the word cross contamination.

possible explanations of cross contamination:

1 pnt - not washing hands after handling raw chicken

1 pnt - not washing the knife after handling raw chicken

1 pnt - not washing the cutting board after handling raw chicken

4p  -  16.  Explain in details what treatments would be best advised. 

1 pnt: answer must contain the word hydration

other possible treatments:

1 pnt - drink plenty of fluids

1 pnt - try to eat light food to keep food down

1 pnt - watch the body temperature, if the fever stays to high or too long go to the doctor.

Immunisation

4p - 17. Explain on the molecular and cellular level what will happen when the patient stops taking this medication.

1p -  the phagocytes will recognise the antigen on the transplanted kidney as being foreign. 

1p Helper T-cells will activate B-cells

1p -  B cells will produce specific antibodies

1p -  the antibodies will bind the cells of the kidney and kill them

article

When a person’s kidney doesn't function properly over a long period of time, the person might be eligible for a kidney transplant. In this case a kidney from a close relative or other matching donor will replace the patient’s own kidney. Although the transplanted kidney works excellent, the patient still has to take immunosuppressant for the rest of his life.

3p - 18.  Explain which type of immunitsation results in memory cells.

1p Passive immunity is caused by injection with antibodies

1p Active immunity is caused by a pathogen or a vaccin. 

1p only active immunity will activate T-cells and B-cells resulting in memory cells

article

Immunisation, is the process by which an individual's immune system becomes fortified against an infectious agent.