Past perfect simple

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 1,2

Past perfect simple

What you can learn!

By the end of this lesson, you...

...know the use, signal words, and how to form the Past Perfect

...know how to make a past participle

Past Perfect: FORM

STATEMENT

had + past participle 

NEGATIVE 

had + not + past participle

QUESTION

had + subject + past participle

AFFIRMATIVE

had + past participle 

NEGATIVE 

had + not + past participle

QUESTION

had + subject + past participle

She had traveled all over the world by the time she was 16.

The detective had not yet solved the case when the police arrived.

Had you ever seen a quarantine before last year? 

Signal words / Time expressions 

for the Past Perfect

by the time	never
already	before
just	after
when

Past Perfect: USE

1. an action or event that happened before another action in the past

They had driven a long time before they reached their destination.

2. to talk about two completed past actions. 

• Introduced by when  or after. 
• The past perfect always refers to the action that happened first.

After we had gotten the news, we decided to call our family.

(situations)

But what's a past participle?

Past Participles: form

Regular verbs:

Infinitive + -ed

walk + -ed  =  walked

cook + -ed = cooked

joke + -ed = joked

Past Participles: form

Regular verbs:

Infinitive + -ed

walk + -ed  =  walked

cook + -ed = cooked

joke + -ed = joked

Irregular verbs:

Follow no rules!

 (There are some patterns, though.)

 

Check Google Classroom for the list!

Need some more info about the USE of the past perfect?

There's a video in Google Classroom and many others online!

past simple or past perfect?

Mary won the lottery last year.

1. simple past
2. past perfect

past simple or past perfect?
Mrs Corrigan had never eaten a pizza until 1972

1. Past simple
2. Past Perfect

My penguin died last week.

1. past perfect
2. past simple
3. present simple
4. present perfect

I am walking to school.

1. present perfect
2. past perfect
3. past simple
4. present continuous

What is the past participle of "walk"?

1. walking
2. walk
3. walked
4. had

What is the past participle of "type"?

1. typped
2. typed
3. type
4. typing

What questions do you have about the past perfect?

Check for my comments after you turn in the LessonUp!