Science year 2.4: Circuits

• Science
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 2

2.4 Circuits

Welcome today

2.4 Circuits

Looking back to 2.3

2.4 Circuits (series and parallel)

Preparing for the test in the testweek (in 2 weeks)

Which of the following is an energy source

1. chemical energy
2. Battery
3. Solar energy
4. Sound energy

Kinetic energy

Thermal energy

Chemical energy

Electric energy

Nuclear energy

Sonic energy

Energy that results from movement of an object

Energy resulting from a temperature difference between two systems

Energy resulting from reactions between atoms and / or molecules

Energy resulting from the flow of electrons

Energy resulting from changes in the atomic nuclei or from nuclear reactions

Energy in the form of sound waves

Energy

Power

Time

Voltage

current

I

P

U

E

t

What is the unit for electrical current?

1. V for Voltage
2. A for amps
3. W for Watts
4. v for Speed

2.4 Circuits

• What are the basic components for building a circuit
• Draw circuit diagrams
• Advantages and disadvantages of series circuit
• Advantages and disadvantages of a parallel circuit
• Calculate current and voltage at various point in a circuit
• Use a (am or volt)meter to measure current and voltage

2.4 Circuits

2.4 circuits

Place the correct symbol behind the electrical components

Battery

Wire

Switch

Light bulb

LED

Mains socket

2.4 Circuits - Series

all components are in the same loop, end to end.

There is only one way the current can flow

Same current throughout the entire circuit

Voltage is shared by all components in the circuit

2.4 Circuits - series

every am-meter will show the same value

The voltage is shared by all components

What happens to the voltage when there are more components in a series circuit?

1. every component gets the same voltage
2. one component gets all of the voltage
3. The voltage is shared by all components
4. this won't work

Which type of energy is stored in a fuel?

1. Heath
2. Nuclear
3. Chemical
4. Electric

2.4 Circuits - Parallel

multiple loops or paths for the current to flow through

currents is divided through every pathway

Voltage is the same for all components

2.4 Circuits - Parallel

voltage same for all components

Current is divided

current only divides equally if components are the same

voltage is the same for all components

current is the same throughout circuit

Series

Parallel

Still works if one lamp is broken

If you connect batteries this way, you can add their voltages

J

W

s

V

A

I

P

U

E

t

..chemical energy to kinetic energy..

This is called

1. an energy conduction
2. an energy transcription
3. an energy insulation
4. an energy conversion

2.4 Circuits - Measuring

You can measure Current (A) with an am-meter

You can measure Voltage (V) with a voltmeter

You can measure both with a multimeter

Am-meter

Measuring current

Current must run through meter

meter is IN the circuit

(how much electrons pass through the wire every second, amps)

voltmeter connected parallel

Voltmeter has no influence on the current though the component

A voltmeter

1. must be parallel with the component
2. Must be in series with the component

What is the value
of this voltmeter?

1. 2,5 volt
2. 25 volt
3. 12,5 volt
4. 0 volt

Single loop circuit

conventional

current

Current from the positive terminal to the negative terminal

series circuit

Digital ammeter

Analog Ammeter

What was renewable energy?

1. New types of energy
2. It does not run out, it renews itself
3. energy that consists of waves
4. It runs out, so we won’t be able to use it forever

What is needed for conduction

1. molecules that can move around freely
2. no molecules at all
3. molecules very close to each other
4. al lot of different types of molecules

If you connect 4 batteries of 1.5 volts in series, you get a total voltage of:

1. 5,5 volt
2. 6,0 volt
3. 2,66 volt
4. 2,5 volt

the battery has a voltage of 5 V
How much volt for a lamp?

1. 2.5 V
2. 10 V
3. 5 V
4. 0 V

There is a current of 5 amps going at point A
How much current runs through each lamp?

A

1. 2.5 A
2. 10 A
3. 5 A
4. 0 A

2.4 Circuits - you should be able to 

the basic components for building a circuit

draw circuit diagrams

advantages and disadvantages of series circuit

Calculate current and voltage at various point in a circuit

advantages and disadvantages of a parallel circuit

Use a (am or volt)meter to measure current and voltage