Word formation - part 1: new words

• Engels
• Voortgezet speciaal onderwijs
• Leerroute 4

Word formation

Part 1

new words

Teacher explains this lesson is part of a series on word formation. It's goal besides enhancing student's vocabulary is to make them aware how languages and vocabulary evolve.

Learning objectives

• Students can explain how vocabulary in a language can be expanded.
• Students can explain the impact of influential immigrants on a language.
• Students can name and explain the variations of the word formation.
  
• Students can identify the variation of the word formation.

Teacher may also want to point out when these lessons will be scheduled (in a row, once a week etc)

Teacher explains adjustments (on the fly) due to COVID-19.

Materials needed:

• Student's handout "Word Formation".
  
• Student's coursebook.
• Laptop/phone.
  

Teacher may also want to point out when these lessons will be scheduled (in a row, once a week etc)

Teacher explains adjustments (on the fly) due to COVID-19.

Today's lesson:

• Retrieving prior knowledge on "Word Formation".
  
• Instruction: new vocabulary processes
  
• Individual work: Activities handout
• Q & A
• Sneak peek: next lesson
  

Teacher may also want to point out when these lessons will be scheduled (in a row, once a week etc)

Teacher explains adjustments (on the fly) due to COVID-19.

What do you already know about how 'new' words are added to a language?

Struggling students: hint to 'battle of the languages' lesson-series or test activities with a given root-word.

Recap on borrowed words = link to Norman Conquest = lesson series "Battle of the Languages" incl. borrowed words like cow - beef, sheep - mutton & affixes like OE -en (oxen), OF -tion (verb to noun) action.

Word formation: borrowed words

Borrowed word = loan words

Loan words are words that are borrowed from other languages

(Source: Cambridge Dictionary).

Teacher refers students to handout page ??? (= similar text)

Which noun(s) is/are borrowed from French?
Ballet is a form of dance that is popular throughout much of the world.

1. Ballet
2. form
3. dance
4. world

1660s, from French ballette

c. 1200, forme, fourme, "semblance, image, likeness," from Old French

c. 1300, dance, daunce Middle English

Old English woruld, worold

Which noun(s) is/are borrowed from German?
An informal restaurant where you can get sandwiches, coffee and other small foods is called a delicatessen.

1. restaurant
2. sandwiches
3. foods
4. delicatessen

1821, from French restaurant

1762, said to be a reference to John Montagu (1718-1792), Fourth Earl of Sandwich

Middle English foode, fode, from Old English foda

1877, "delicacies, articles of fine food," American English, from German delikatessen

Tool:

Etymology (p4): the study of the origin and history of words, or a study of this type relating to one particular word (Source: cambridge.org).

Online etymology dictionary: https://www.etymonline.com/ 

Link to the website on the next page.

etymonline.com

Example: cookie = Dutch

Borrowed words

pair work

Activity 1a (p. 4)

Copy the grid in your notebook

each other

3 min

Class check

Keep calm & wait.

Who:  

What: 

How:  

Help:  

Time: 

Result:

Done:  

Teacher = coach => scaffolding & differentiation

Who: in pairs = collaborative learning = (individual work = differentiation)

Teacher checks answers in class + answers questions.

Teacher explains this is a Cambridge test style exercise. Also important to be able to change forms of a word for open writing assignments (exam writing). Less repetition.

Borrowed words

pair work

Activity 1b (p. 4)

Write answers in your notebook

each other

3 min

Class check

Look some other origins of words up.

Who:  

What: 

How:  

Help:  

Time: 

Result:

Done:  

Teacher = coach => scaffolding & differentiation

Who: in pairs = collaborative learning = differentiation (differentiation = individual work)

Teacher checks answers in class + answers questions.

Teacher explains this is a Cambridge test style exercise. Also important to be able to change forms of a word for open writing assignments (exam writing). Less repetition.

Borrowed words

individual

Activity 2 (p. 5)

Write answers in your notebook

each other

5 min

Class check

Can you come up with similar examples or language influences in Dutch. Explain why?

Who:  

What: 

How:  

Help:  

Time: 

Result:

Done:  

Teacher = coach => scaffolding & differentiation

Who: in pairs = collaborative learning = differentiation (differentiation = individual work)

Teacher checks answers in class + answers questions.

Teacher explains this is a Cambridge test style exercise. Also important to be able to change forms of a word for open writing assignments (exam writing). Less repetition.

Word formation: new words

1. Affixation; words are formed by adding affixes = sing+er, un+productive
2. Compounding; words are formed by combining two or more words = overdo, pickpocket
3. Acronyms; formed by taking the initial letters and pronouncing them like a normal word = aids (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome), radar (radio detecting and ranging)
4. Blending; combining parts of two words to form a new one = smog, brunch etc
5. Clipping; shortening of words = prof(essor), lab(oratory)
6. Backformation; a shortened word created from a longer word = editor => edit

Teacher refers students to handout page 5 (= similar text)

Give an example of a word formation process, e.g. smog (smoke & fog).

Because of the previous quiz a teacher may want to skip this version and just do a class discussion.

Word formation variants

pair work

Activity 3 and 4 (p. 6)

Write answers in your notebook

each other

10 min

Class check

Try and find your own example of the 6 variants.

Who:  

What: 

How:  

Help:  

Time: 

Result:

Done:  

Teacher = coach => scaffolding & differentiation

Who: in pairs = collaborative learning = differentiation

Teacher checks answers in class + answers questions.

Teacher explains this is a Cambridge test style exercise. Also important to be able to change forms of a word for open writing assignments (exam writing). Less repetition.

Learning objectives check:

1. How can vocabulary in a language be expanded?
2. What impact do influential immigrants have on a language?
3. Name the six variations of word formation.
   
4. What type of variation of word formation is used? lol & net
   

1. adding loanwords, creating new words.

2. they add loanwords.

3. affixation, compounding, blending, clipping, acronyms, backformation.

4. acronym = laugh out loud

     clipping = the internet

Name something you have learned today which you didn't know before.

Study: Theory boxes (handout p. 4 & 5)

Do:     Finish activities 1 - 4 (handout p. 4 - 6)

Prepare: Read theory box lexical categories (handout p. 7)

Homework

Teacher explains the writing test next lesson will be based on writing letters (= exam element).

Assessment Rubric WB p.21

lessonup.app

Link to lesson 2 Battle of the Languages = borrowed words & effects of influential immigrants.