Unit 1 - 3a - gerund

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 3

In this lesson we will:

- learn what the gerund is 

- learn when to use it in a sentence.

- use descriptive words to compare and contrast your personality with another person.

-ing or to + .....?

1. She really believes in ______ other people. (helping / to help)

2. Kate hopes ______ London early next year. (visiting / to visit)

3. I don’t like ______. (canoeing / to canoe )

4. They demanded ______ the documents (seeing / to see)

5. Is it worth ______ this programme? (watching / to watch)

Answers: -ing or to + ......

1. She really believes in helping other people. 

2. Kate hopes to visit London early next year. 

3. I don’t like canoeing. 

4. They demanded to see the documents. 

5. Is it worth watching this programme? 

Gerund (ww-ing)

De gerund is een werkwoordsvorm die als zelfstandig naamwoord wordt gebruikt. Je maakt de gerund door:

–ing achter het werkwoord te plaatsen = 

•   skiing is a hobby of mine.
•   cleaning the house is not something I like.
•   I love running.

When to use the gerund?

1. Vaak volgt na een voorzetsel de gerund:

 • I’m not interested in buying a house.

 • She is very good at cycling.

2. Je gebruikt de gerund ook vaak na bepaalde werkwoorden als:

 hate, mind, love, fancy, like, start, stop en prefer:

 • I prefer walking to taking the bus.

 • She doesn’t like lying on the beach all day.

When to use the gerund?

3. Ook na een aantal uitdrukkingen krijg je de gerund:

    can’t help, it’s no use, it’s worth, can’t stand.

 • She can’t help playing with fire.

 • It’s worth doing the right thing.

Infinitive (to ....)

A. na werkwoorden die een wens uitdrukken (zoals wish, hope en want):

• She wants / hopes / wishes to become a veterinarian.

B. na werkwoorden die een bevel uitdrukken (zoals demand en forbid):

• My parents forbid me to go on holiday alone.

C. na enkele andere werkwoorden zoals decide, expect, choose, hesitate, learn, refuse en manage:

• We choose / hesitate to tell them the truth.

He demanded ... (speak) to the manager.

1. to speak
2. speaking

I can't stand .......... for the bus

1. waiting
2. to wait

I am really good at ........ landscapes.

1. to paint
2. painting

I chose ... (work) here.

1. to work
2. working

Let's go again! 

Complete the first 5 questions. 

If you feel confident using the gerund and infinitive then start at section B on the worksheet.

If you feel less confident, start at section A. 

Online students: the worksheet is posted in Engels 3hc in itslearning

What influences our personalities?

Positive 

Negative

How do you compare or contrast?

You 

Friend / family member

Writing task:

Using the words in your diagram, write a paragraph explaining how your personality compares and contrasts with your family member or friend. 

Make sure to use at least two of the following words: 

alike - unlike -  in the same way - on the other hand - but - both

Homework

Complete word boxes & study vocab pages 26-30

Have a great holiday!

I miss ... (go) to the beach.

1. to go
2. going