The circulatory system: the heart part 1 and 2

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• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 2

The heart

-The heart is a double pump

-right side pumps oxygen poor

  blood 

-left side pumps oxygen rich 

  blood 

-Left and right are the other way around

Right side

Left side

Blood transports many different substances throughout the body.

When do these substance go IN or OUT of the blood?

The image shows a schematic view of the double circulation

intestines

kidneys

All organs

lungs

vena cava

aorta

O2 in

O2 out

CO2 in

CO2 out

nutrients in

nutrients out

waste in

waste out

Water in

excess water out

The heart 

Location of the heart

Pulmonary vein

Aorta

Pulmonary artery

Vena cava

When is blood 'deoxygenated' ?

1. when the concentration oxygen is low
2. when the concentration oxygen is high

Structure of the heart

The heart is a hollow muscle.

Coronary arteries (red arteries) supply Oxygen rich blood + nutrients to the heart

Coronary veins (blue veins) carry Carbon dioxide + waste products away from the heart. 

semilunar valves

right ventricle

septum

left ventricle

heart valves

left atrium

Which artery brings blood to the heart itself?

1. Aorta
2. Coronary arteries
3. Coronary veins

The heart has four chambers:

- Left atrium

- Right atrium

- Left ventricle

- Right ventricle

Blood always enters the heart via the atria.

Septum: a wall separating the left and right side of the heart.

Bloodflow

*Superior vena cava: Oxygen-poor blood from head + arms to right atrium

*Inferior vena cava: Oxygen-poor blood from torso + legs to right atrium

*Pulmonary veins: Oxygen-rich blood from lungs to left atrium 

*Aorta: Pumps Oxygen-rich blood to rest of the body

The heart pumps oxygen rich blood into the?

1. Superior vena cava
2. Pulmonary arteries
3. Aorta
4. Aorta and pulmonary arteries

When blood flows back to the heart where does it go first?

1. Into the valves
2. Into the atria
3. Into the ventricles
4. Into the septum

Heart valves

*Atria + ventricles separated by Left and right side valves.

*Semilunar valves keep blood from flowing back into ventricles.

As you can see, a valve only opens in one direction

Which part of the circulatory system prevents blood from flowing back?

1. Veins
2. Arteries
3. Valves
4. Atria

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The heart part 2

cardiac cycle

- atria contract, blood flows into 

   ventricles (ventricles relaxed)

- ventricles contract, blood 

   flows into aorta and pulmonary 

   artery (atria relaxed)

- Heart relaxes, blood flows 

   into atria 

Put the texts underneath the corresponding picture.

Cardiac pause - heart fills with blood

Atria contract

Cardiac pause - heart fills even more with blood

Ventricles contract

Blood flows into arteries