Objective Advanced unit 22

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 5

unit 22 under the weather

speaking and reading

ex 1: discuss the questions in pairs

ex 2:  in this article mainly facts / opinions / facts and opinions are reported.

ex 3: under line phrases that are used to express how sure soemone is about something. List them as "very sure" and "not so sure

speaking and reading

ex 2: both facts and opinions are reported

There are facts about what scientists have discovered and predictions about the future which are educated guesses.

 ex 3: very sure: phrases with will or present simple

            not so ssure: phrases with could , estimated, predictions

vocabulary

Write a short paragraph about climate change using the words in ex 1

do ex 2 and 3. Check the answers in the book of your book

interpreting and comparing

However                                   

• used for contradicting ideas or facts
•  between commas when used as a linking word
• in neutral English but is used instead of however

interpreting and comparing

because

• used to indicate the cause of an event or situation
• When the sentence begins with because you need a comma after the clause. When because is used in the middle of a sentence you do not use a comma.

interpreting and comparing

because of

• When the cause is a noun or a noun phrase you use because of
• After because of you use a noun or gerund. You cannot use a subject+ verb after because of. If you write Because of the fact that you can add a subject + verb structure though.

interpreting and comparing

on the one hand

on the other hand

• On the one hand and on the other hand are used together to contract or compare  facts or ideas. They are usually used in different sentences. You get a comma before and after the phrase. When used in one sentence there is usually also a conjunction such as but.
• On the other hand can be used on its own to contrast or compare a fact or idea with something that was said previously

interpreting and comparing

contrary to

• used to reject an idea in favour of another one
• followed by a noun or noun phrase
• fixed combinations: contrary to common belief / contrary to common opinion

interpreting and comparing

wheaeas / while

• used to indicate that a fact or idea contrasts with another in the same sentence
• used for small differences between two things that are quite similar
• a clause with whereas/while is put first and then followed by a contrast

interpreting and comparing

indeed

• followed by a comma
• used to introduce information that reinforces or extends a point just made
• formal

interpreting and comparing

in conclusion

• to indicate the beginning  of the final point or summary of what is being said.

interpreting and comparing

on the whole

• used to indicate that we are speaking generally without taking account of unusual cases.

interpreting and comparing

therefore

• to indicate that something logically follows  from what has been said, or to introduce a result of it.
• different position in sentences:

Therefore, we should  encourage...

We should therefore encourage ...

We should encourage, therefore ...

interpreting and comparing

given this

• use to indicate that if we accept something as true, then what we are about to say follows logically from it
• it is used at the start of a sentence
• followed  by a comma

now do exercises 1 - 4

listening

do ex 1 on page 139

Then listen again and do ex 2 and 3

cd 2 nr 15

vocabulary

do ex 1-4 on p. 139

check your answers ( see back of the book)

exam folder 9 p 134-135

CAE CD 2 nr 12

CAE CD 2 nr 13

CAE CD 2 nr 14