§2.1 Molecules and Atoms / §2.2 The Periodic Table

§2.1 Macro and micro level
§2.2 The Periodic Table

Chapter 2: Building blocks of substances
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Slide 1: Tekstslide
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In deze les zitten 19 slides, met tekstslides en 2 videos.

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§2.1 Macro and micro level
§2.2 The Periodic Table

Chapter 2: Building blocks of substances

Slide 1 - Tekstslide

Learning Objectives 2.1 / 2.2:
  • What the macro level and the micro level is
  • That most substances consist of molecules
  • What the different phases look like on a micro level
  • Difference at the micro level between pure substances and mixtures
  • Why models are needed in chemistry
  • That molecules consist of atoms
  • The most important kinds of atoms and their symbols
  • Metals and noble gases do not consist of molecules, but only of atoms

Slide 2 - Tekstslide

Perspective on learning objectives by
  • knowing that molecules are made up of atoms.
  • explaining the difference between elements and compounds.
  • representing molecules using molecular formulae.
  • describing the difference at the micro level between a separation method, a phase transition and a chemical reaction.

Slide 3 - Tekstslide

Remember the particle model?
 

Slide 4 - Tekstslide

Chemical Reactions...(explained from macro to micro level)
  • Properties of substance change
  • Molecules (substances) are broken down and new kind of molecules
     (substances) are formed.
  • A rearrangement of atoms from reactants  into new products

Finally a reaction can be written down as an equation or process:
molecules go in (reactants), different molecules come out (products).



 



Slide 5 - Tekstslide

Atoms as
building 
blocks

The 
alphabet 
of 
chemistry

Slide 6 - Tekstslide

The alphabet compared to the Periodic Table:

Alphabet
Periodic Table
Letter
Atom/Element
Word
Molecule
Sentence
Substance
Story
Materials
Atoms in a molecule are connected by atomic bonds (bonds between atoms)

Slide 7 - Tekstslide

Elements in the periodic table
We know about 118 different kinds of atoms, aka 118 elements
Every element has its own name and symbol 

Practice the names and symbols
using the Periodic Table
 


Slide 8 - Tekstslide

d

Elements
Based on one kind of atom or molecules with one kind of atom (pure)


ggg
g


Compounds
Molecules containing more than one kind of atom.

Slide 9 - Tekstslide

Molecules can be drawn but they can also be given a molecular formula.



Slide 10 - Tekstslide

Slide 11 - Tekstslide

Slide 12 - Tekstslide

Slide 13 - Tekstslide

Phase transitions
Solid to liquid = Melting
Liquid to solid = Freezing
Liquid to gas = Evaporation
Gas to liquid = Condensation
Gas to solid = Deposition
Solid to gas = Sublimation



Slide 14 - Tekstslide

Solid
- Fixed shape (crystal)

- Molecules are vibrating

- Not a lot of kinetic energy
         (Low temperature)

Slide 15 - Tekstslide

Liquid
- No fixed shape, Volume fixed

- More space between molecules and they shake a lot more (more kinetic energy)

- Medium kinetic energy
           (medium temperature)

Slide 16 - Tekstslide

Gas
- No fixed shape, no fixed volume

- Distance between molecules is big

- Velocity of molecules is high, Kinetic energy is high


Slide 17 - Tekstslide

Slide 18 - Video

Slide 19 - Video