5.1 Lords and vassals

• Geschiedenis
• Middelbare school
• mavo
• Leerjaar 1

5. Monks and knights

Time of monks and knights, 500 - 1000

Time of monks and knights (500 - 1000)

In the white, you can see a helmet, as worn by knights. In the background you can see part of a monastery. Chivalry and the Christian church belong to the times of monks and knights.

Feniks, Geschiedenis Werkplaats, Memo, Saga

Tijd van Grieken en Romeinen

(500 v. Chr. - 500 n. Chr.)

Tijd van Monniken en Ridders

(500-1000)

(Vroege Middeleeuwen)

Tijd van Steden en Staten

(1000-1500)

(Late Middeleeuwen)

1492: Columbus 'ontdekt' Amerika

(Einde van de Middeleeuwen)

⚓️

476: Val van het West-Romeinse Rijk

(Begin van de Middeleeuwen)

🔥

Tijd van Ontdekkers en Hervormers

(1500-1600)

Tijd van Regenten en Vorsten

(1600-1700)

Tijd van Pruiken en Revoluties

(1700-1800)

In this chapter

• 5.1 Lords and vassals
• 5.2 Europe becomes christian
• 5.3 Powerful lords, semi-free farmers
• 5.4 The rise of Islam
• 5.5 Moorish Spain

To work

What? Make assignment 1 to 3 from the introduction (page 118)

How? In your workbook

Help? Teacher

Time? 15 minutes

Finished? Start on assignments 5.1 (assignment 1 to 4)

5.1 Lords and vassals

Time of monks and knights, 500 - 1000

Write down causes for the end of the Western Roman empire.

Learning goals

You can explain:

• How Charlemagne became a powerful king and emperor of a large empire
• How Charlemagne ruled his empire

Charlemagne

Conquests of Charlemagne

Travelling government

• Charlemagne's empire was very large:

• To govern this, he wanted to be everywhere in his empire
  
• He often sent a messenger, but he also travelled a lot himself.
  
• But it was too slow and took a lot of time
  
• There had to be a better way...

McDonald's

Imagine that you are the boss of McDonald's. Then you have 37,000 restaurants in 120 countries.

It is, of course, very difficult to manage all these restaurants on your own.

So what is a good solution to this problem?

You let some people help you! You lend the restaurants to 120 people who arrange everything in their country! They get to choose, for example, what is on the menu and how it is advertised. In exchange, they only have to give you a part of the money.

That's also how Charlemagne ruled the Frankish empire!

The feudal system

• Charlemagne asked for help from the nobility
• He gave authority over a territory to nobleman
• The area remained Charlemagne's, but they were allowed to loan it.
• We call this the feudal system or feudalism

You could become a count or a duke:

• Count: The boss of a small area, a county. This was less important
• Duke: The boss of a large area, a duchy (e.g. Brabant). This was very important

The agreement

The lord

Keeps the territory, but loans it to a nobleman.

The vassal

May loan the territory and:

- Governs the area

- Speaks law in it

- Supplies soldiers for the lord

- May keep income from the territory

- Must be loyal to the feudal lord

The person who gives a territory in loan.

The person recieves a territory in loan.

Who does it belong to?
Has to supply soldiers

1. Lord
2. Vassal

Who does it belong to?
Allowed to speak the law

1. Lord
2. Vassal

Who does it belong to?
Gives a territory in loan

1. Lord
2. Vassal

Who does it belong to?
May keep the income of a territory

1. Lord
2. Vassal

To work

What? Make assignment 3 to 5 from section 5.1

How? In your workbook

Help? Teacher

Finished? Make 6, 8, 9

5.1 Lords and vassals

Time of monks and knights, 500 - 1000

Success criteria

You can explain:

• How there was political division after Charlemegne's death
• Causes and consequences of insecurity in Europe
• What position knights had in society

Problems of the feudal system

• Many feudal lords pretended that the territory was their possession
• Some vassals started loaning their territory to small nobles.
• This created subvassals who ruled small territories
• As a result, the Frankish empire slowly fell apart

Put the names in the right place

Lord

Feudal system

Vassal

Subvassal

An unsafe time

• The lord often tried to recapture his territory
  
• Thus, lords and (disobedient) vassals waged war
  
• There were also robbers and invaders, such as the Vikings
• Nobles often protected themselves with a castle
  
• First wooden buildings, but later real castles

Knights

• In the Middle Ages (500-1500), knights were the most powerful part of the armies in Europe
  
• The first knights were soldiers from the armies of the noblemen
  
• From 1100 onwards, only noblemen could become knights
  
• They had to behave chivalrously: brave, loyal and just.
  
• Monarchs organised tournaments in which knights could prove themselves

Knights wore helmets to protect themselves

on their bodies, knights wore iron armour

Knights fought on horseback

To work

Wat: Lezen 4.1 en maken opdracht 1 t/m 6 en 9

Hoe: In je werkboek

Hulp: Docent

Klaar: Werken aan invulsamenvatting