6.2 Autonomous citizens
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Slide 1: Tekstslide
HistoryMiddelbare schoolvwoLeerjaar 1
In deze les zitten 16 slides, met interactieve quiz, tekstslides en 5 videos.
Onderdelen in deze les
Slide 1 - Tekstslide
Slide 2 - Video
6.2 - autonomous citizens
1. You know what caused urbanization
2. You know in what ways Holland became important.
3. You know how cities received city rights.
4. You know how citizens governed their towns.
5. You know how cities became more independent and low nobles lost power.
6. The rise of the urban bourgeoisie and the increasing independence of cities.
Slide 3 - Tekstslide
1. Urbanisation=Verstedelijking
1. From the year 1000, farmers began draining swamps and cutting down forests ->ontginning
2. Improvement of farming techniques -> e.g. the reversible plough, the neck yoke and manure
Consequence: agriculture brings in more revenue -> people live longer and healthier -> population can grow (doubled by 1300)
Consequence: trade increases
Indirect effect: home industry (nijverheid) increases (part of the population can take on other work)
Market places grow into cities (urbanization). Urbanization is most rapid in northern Italy, Flanders and Holland.
An agrarian-urban society arises again!
Slide 4 - Tekstslide
2. Holland becomes important
The area that is now the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg was then
(17 regions, counties and dukedoms)
Holland was one of the most important regions and expanded the area considerably.
Floris V had the Knights' Hall built.
In 1296 he was murdered by nobles, because he would have too much power.
Slide 5 - Tekstslide
Slide 6 - Video
3. City Rights= Stadsrechten
Floris gave certain groups (peasants and citizens) rights to keep the people happy.
City rights (privilege of a city)
- Right to collect taxes
- Rights to build a city wall
- Market right
- Right to collect tolls
- Own jurisdiction
Dordrecht was the first city with city rights in 1220. Amsterdam, for example, in 1275. Wijk bij Duurstede in 1300.
Slide 7 - Tekstslide
Slide 8 - Video
Answer the following question
Was the murder of Floris V a political assassination?
Watch the video on the next slide and formulate an answer to the above question.
Slide 9 - Tekstslide
Slide 10 - Video
Political murder? Answer in a full sentence
Slide 11 - Open vraag
4.City Government
'City air makes free': serfs lost rights and duties when they moved to the city
Lords gave more rights to peasants to keep them there, so serfdom disappeared in many places in Europe
A person could become a citizen in a city after a year and a day. In addition, they had to work and pay a sum of money->citizenship (= the common citizens)
The aldermen took care of the administration and the administration of justice and they made labels (laws). The lord also had a representative, namely the bailiff/schout. The mayor was the highest city administrator. Mayors were controlled by a vroedschap.
Criminals were mainly punished with fines, the pillory, or with the deathblow. A confession was considered guilty (often a confession was made after torture).
Slide 12 - Tekstslide
5. Cities and Nobility
Cities paid money for city rights to (high) nobles and princes.
In addition, high nobles and princes received (military) support from cities in their struggle against the low nobles.
But cities became more and more independent and even more powerful than the lord.
Slide 13 - Tekstslide
Hanze
- Hanze = group
- Merchants started to coöperate
- Advanatages: safer travelling, veiliger reizen, joint purchasing, countering competition.
Slide 14 - Tekstslide
Slide 15 - Video
6.2 - autonomous citizens
1. You know what caused urbanization
2. You know in what ways Holland became important.
3. You know how cities received city rights.
4. You know how citizens governed their towns.
5. You know how cities became more independent and low nobles lost power.
6. The rise of the urban bourgeoisie and the increasing independence of cities.
