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4.1 The Indonesian Independence
4.1 The Indonesian Independence
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Tekstslide
Geschiedenis
Middelbare school
vwo
Leerjaar 3
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4.1 The Indonesian Independence
Slide 1 - Tekstslide
Slide 2 - Tekstslide
Slide 3 - Tekstslide
Dutch Indies
Slide 4 - Woordweb
Slide 5 - Tekstslide
The Japanese years
Find out what happened in the Dutch Indies during the occupation of Japan
Find at least three characteristics
Slide 6 - Tekstslide
3 Characteristics of the
Japanse occupation
Slide 7 - Woordweb
Japan surrenders
15th of August 1945
Slide 8 - Tekstslide
Slide 9 - Video
Soekarno declares the Indonesian Independence
17th of August 1945
Slide 10 - Tekstslide
Soekarno declares the Indonesian Independence
17th of August 1945
Slide 11 - Tekstslide
Why is this possible?
The Dutch are still in internment camps
No Dutch army around
The Japanese military has to keep order.
Pemuda's
(nationalist young people) control the streets
Slide 12 - Tekstslide
Bersiap period
najaar 1945-voorjaar 1946
Power vacuum:
unclear who really has power, so Pemudas can go about their business (without intervention)
A very violent period with thousands of victims (mainly Dutch and pro-Dutch groups)
Slide 13 - Tekstslide
Slide 14 - Video
And now?
The English are nearby, but don't feel like having a new war: the Netherlands must solve this themselves.
The Netherlands does not want to recognize the independent republic of Indonesia at all.
They do not want to talk to Sukarno (Traitor and rebel)
Slide 15 - Tekstslide
Linggadjati agreement
Truce
The Netherlands
recognizes the Republic of Indonesia
on Java, Sumatra and Madura
Establishment of
the United States of Indonesia
(with the Netherlands): the queen is head of state
November 15, 1946
Slide 16 - Tekstslide
The Linggadjati Agreement Fails
Both the Netherlands and Indonesia are not really happy with it
The Netherlands makes adjustments to the agreement (via the House of Representatives)
Violence flares up again in Indonesia
The Netherlands cancels the agreement on 20 July 1947
Slide 17 - Tekstslide
1st ''Politionele actie''
(July 1947-January 1948)
Operation Product (Operatie Product): restoring Dutch authority
The name ''politionele actie'' was a conscious decision (''not a war'')
Militarily a success, politically not: Republic continued to exist and a lot of criticism came from abroad
Slide 18 - Tekstslide
2nd ''Politionele actie''
(December 1948-January 1949)
Operation Crow (Operatie Kraai): Destroy the Republic of Indonesia and imprison leaders
The Netherlands wanted to end the unrest in the Dutch East Indies: it cost too much money
Again, a success from a military point of view (note:
war crimes
have been committed on a large scale)
Slide 19 - Tekstslide
Slide 20 - Video
Indonesia becomes independent
Great pressure is put on the Netherlands: United States threaten to stop
the Marshall Plan
New negotiations: Indonesia will become independent and there will be a
Dutch-Indonesian Union
Transfer of sovereignty
on December 27, 1949
Slide 21 - Tekstslide
Republik Indonesia
Relations with the Netherlands, however, remain difficult:
many discussions about: the Moluccas, human rights and development aid.
(The Dutch-Indonesian Union exists until 1956)
Slide 22 - Tekstslide
Homework
5.4
Slide 23 - Tekstslide
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