Unit 12

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 4

Unit 11

Relative clauses (2)

Participle clause; to-infinitive clauses; adjective phrases; prepositional phrases

Exercise 1.1 (page 87)

Which of these items does a food photographer use and what for?

Exercise 1.2

Listen and check your answers.

Exercise 1.3

Listen again and fill in the gaps.

Gap 2

Gap 3

Gap 4

Gap 5

Gap 6

Gap 7

Gap 8

Participle clauses

We have talked about them before.

Let's take a quick look at them again

Present Participle Clause

We can use a present participle clause to:

• Can be used to talk about something that takes place at the same time as, or just before, an action in the main clause:
  Opening up my sleeping bag, I discovered a scorpion.
  
  
• give background information about the subject in the main clause
  Living mainly in warm climates, scorpions are often found in deserts.
  
  
• say what someone was doing while they were talking (so after quoted speech)
  ‘Hold on, I just need to grab something’, said Susan, walking to her room.
  
  
• to talk about a reason or result
  Arriving late at the train station, I missed the train. (so in this case it is a reason for missing the train)

Past Participle Clause

We can use a past participle clause to talk about reasons or conditions

• Made from soft fabrics, this sweater feels amazing! (= reason; because it is made from those fabrics)
• Sold in China, these items would cost a lot less. (= condition; if they were sold in China)

To-infinitive clauses

We can use the to-inifinitive to:

• talk about purpose
  I went to the teacher to talk about my final grade.

• talk about result
  We arrived early, only to find that we couldn’t check in until six.

• talk about conditions
  To see him struggling with his test last lesson, you’d think he was about to give up. (if you had seen that).

I think I understand the different clauses and how to use them.

Yes

Mostly. but I don't need any help.

Mostly, but I still would like some help.

Not at all and need some help.

Continue

In pairs / groups of three:
Continue working on exercises 3.1 - 3.4 on pages 89 - 91.

Check the answers with the key in the back of your book.

Want some extra practice because you are awesome?

Do the exam practice on pages 92 & 93 as well!