Direct and indirect speech

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vmbo g
• Leerjaar 2

Direct and Indirect Speech

Voorbeeld: Harry Potter and the Philisopher's stone - 

J.K. Rowling

Direct speech: Als je letterlijk opschrijft wat iemand zegt. 

"..."  (paars)

Indirect speech: als je omschrijft wat iemand heeft gezegd of gedacht. (roze)

Direct speech

Twee tijden in 1 zin! 

"I really enjoy reading books," she told the librarian. 

enjoy = present tense (tegenwoordige tijd)

told = past tense (verleden tijd)

indirect speech

She told the librarian she really enjoyed books. 

In indirect speech, staat de gehele zin in dezelfde tijd. 

Direct and Indirect speech

Let op de volgende dingen als je indirect speech gebruikt:

• Gebruik de juiste verleden tijd:

D.S: "I spend a lot of time there."                                Present Simple = Past Simple

ID.S: Terry said that he spent a lot of time there.

                                                                               Present Continuous = Past Continuous

D.S: "We are working on it."                                    

ID.S: We explained that we were working on it.

Direct and Indirect speech

                                                                                      Past Simple = Past Perfect

D.S: "I saw you on the beach yesterday."

ID.S: Steph said that she had seen us on the beach the day before.

 

                                                                                       Present Perfect = Past Perfect

D.S: "Have you ever seen anything strange?"

ID.S: "The boys asked if we had ever seen anything strange.

Direct and Indirect speech

• Begin met een inleiding:

D.S: "Emily looked scared."

ID.S: Amy said that Emily looked scared.

• Verander zo nodig ook andere verwijzingen:

D.S: "I was at at party last night."

ID.S: He told me that he had been at a party the night before.

Direct and indirect speech

Direct speech

She sais: "I don't like horror films."

Indirect speech

She said that she didn't like horror films.

Direct and indirect speech

Direct speech

She says: "I don't like horror films."

Indirect speech

She said that she didn't like horror films.

How to transform direct speech into indirect one:

1. Change a verb in Present Simple into Past Simple: work(-s) - worked, don't (doesn't) write - didn't write

For example:

The man says: "My working day begins at 8.30 a.m."

The man said that his working day began at 8.30 a.m."

2. Sometimes you need to change a couple of verbs.

For example:

Michael says: "I don't like how my room looks".

Michael said that he didn't like how his room looked".

3. If needed, change the personal pronoun.

For example:

She says: "I hate sushi"

She said that she hated sushi.

4. If needed, change the possessive pronoun.

For example:

My son says: "I don't like the color of my jacket".

My son said that he didn't like the color of his jacket.

"Where are you travelling to?" the pilot asked the girls.

1. direct
2. indirect

They told him they were travelling to America.

1. direct
2. indirect

Transform into indirect speech:
She says: "I like the flowers".

The man says: "I always work in my garden".

They say: "We don't know who the suspect is".

Amalia says: "My kitchen is so dirty".

Nick says: "She is not my classmate".