Chapter 4: New Imperialism & Colonialism (1850-1914)

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Lesson duration is: 50 min

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Slide 1 - Link

CHAPTER 4:

NEW IMPERIALISM

& COLONIALISM

(1850-1914)

Slide 2 - Slide

Slide 3 - Slide

Slide 4 - Slide

IMPERIALISM

COLONIALISM

Slide 5 - Drag question

Slide 6 - Slide

NEW IMPERIALISM

Period of intensified imperialistic expansion from the latter half of the 19th century until the outbreak of World War I in 1914. The renewed push to expand territorial control included not only the earlier colonial powers of western Europe but also newcomers such as Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, and the United States.

Slide 7 - Slide

HQ1:

WHICH COUNTRIES COLONISED WHICH PARTS OF THE WORLD?

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WORLDMAP 1700

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WHICH COUNTRIES/EMPIRES HAD COLONIES

Slide 10 - Open question

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WORLDMAP 1860

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WHICH COUNTRY ACQUIRED MANY COLONIES AND BECAME THE BIGGEST GLOBAL EMPIRE WITH COLONIES ON ALL CONTINENTS?

RUSSIA

CHINA

Slide 13 - Quiz

WHAT HAPPENED IN
SOUTH AMERICA?

Slide 14 - Open question

WHICH PARTS OF THE WORLD WERE NOT YET COLONISED BY WESTERN EUROPEAN NATIONS?

Slide 15 - Open question

“Imperial Federation,–Map of the World Showing the Extent

of the British Empire in 1886”

Slide 16 - Slide

"Being born an Englishman is like winning the first prize in the lottery of life. We are the best people in the world, with the highest ideals where orderliness, justice, freedom and peace are concerned."

Cecil Rhodes, British imperialist entrepreneur and politician

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THE EXPLORATION OF AFRICA...

(as of 1850)

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LED TO...

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... THE SCRAMBLE FOR AFRICA

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WHAT CAUSED THE WESTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES TO TURN THEIR GAZE ON AFRICA?
(tip: link with the Industrial Revolution)

Slide 21 - Open question

WHAT HAS CHANGED?

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REASON NAMECHANGE COLONISER
MOTHER COUNTRY => METROPOLE

Man felt they weren't given the credit for their efforts in the colonization (mother)

Mothercountry supposes that the colonies are treated well, which they weren't

Metropole expresses better the power relationship, the place from where they the colonies were governed

Protest of mothers because they were opposing colonialism

Slide 25 - Quiz

BERLIN CONFERENCE (1884-1885)

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COUNTRY BORDERS 1880 vs 1913?

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AS WELL TERRITORIAL EXPANSION ELSEWERE

Imperialisme

Tekst

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WHICH COUNTRIES HAD THE BIGGEST COLONIAL EMPIRE IN 1914?

Spain - Portugal

US - UK

UK - France - Russia

UK - France - Italy

Slide 31 - Quiz

Tekst

Nigeria

Kameroen

Marocco

Filippines

Mali

Congo

Mozambique

Guyana

Slide 32 - Drag question

HQ 2:
WHAT WERE THE MOTIVES FOR THE NEW IMPERIALISM & COLONISATION?

Slide 33 - Open question

ACCORDING TO EXPLORER DAVID LIVINGSTONE

+ CONQUEST

4 C's

Slide 34 - Slide

POLITICAL

CULTURAL

ECONOMICAL

CHRISTIANITY

CIVILISATION

CONQUEST

COMMERCE

BIG EMPIRE

NATIONAL PRIDE

NATURAL RESOURCES

SALES MARKET

Slide 35 - Drag question

CONDITIONS

- Medicins: kinine (interior)

- Transport: steamer

- Communication: telegraph

....

=> result of scientific and technological innovations

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CULTURAL MOTIVE: CIVILISATION

CAUSE: superiority thinking

(military / scientifically)

=> A White Man's Burden

=> duty to civilise

=> Civilisation justifies use violence

Christianity: against heathens, slavery, polygamy, islam...

=> save the Africans

Slide 37 - Slide

From the Cape to Cairo, Keppler, 1902

Slide 38 - Slide

The White Man's Burden, Victor Gillam, Judge magazine, 1 April 1899

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POLITICAL MOTIVE: NATIONALISM

- nation states 19th century

- rise of nationalism

- national identity & pride

- rivalry

Slide 40 - Slide

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ECONOMICAL MOTIVE: COMMERCE

- simultaneity Industrial Revolution

& capitalism

=> resources/raw materials needed

=> sales market

- exploitation: forced labour

ENTIRELY AT THE SERVICE OF METROPOLES

Slide 42 - Slide

HISTORICAL TERMS

Imperialism
New imperialism
Colonialism
Explorations
Territorial expansion
Scramble for Africa
Berlin Conference
Mother country - metropole
4 C's: civilisation - christianity - commerce - conquest
White man's burden
Superiority thinking
Nationalism - national identity & pride
Simultaneity
Resources - sales markets - exploitation

Slide 43 - Slide

HQ 3: How is the first wave of

imperialism/colonialism different from new imperialism?

Slide 44 - Slide

COLONISATION 16th - 18th century

NEW IMPERIALISM (1850-1914)

Trading posts

In search of resources for European economies

Many North-West European countries + US & Japan

Trading with local rulers

Big impact on local societies

Mainly coastal areas Africa and Asia

Mainly Spain & Portugal but as well UK and France

Forced labour

Focus on Africa and Asia

Conquering entire regions

Mainly Americas

Before the Industrial Revolution

Inland colonisation

Slavery trade

Colonies as sales market

Take over complete control

Exploit overseas areas

After the Industrial Revolution

Slide 45 - Drag question

HQ 4: How did the relationship between Africans and Europeans change? How was this justified?

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INFERIORITY => SOCIAL DARWINISM (CLASSIFICATION ETHNICITIES) => WHITE'S MAN BURDEN

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Justification through stereotypes: primitive, underdeveloped, dumb, lazy, dirty, wild, cannibalistic

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Denial of the culture, habits, history of the indigenous societies

BANZA KONGO , Capital of the Kingdom of Kongo

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